Naming Branched-Chain Alkanes

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• Naming Branched-Chain Alkanes
• CH3-CH2- CH2-CH -CH -CH -CH3
• CH2 CH3CH3
• CH3
• 1. An atom or group of atoms can take the place
  of a hydrogen, this is called a substituent.
  
• ex) halogens, groups of atoms including carbon,
  O,S,N,P
• 2. A hydrocarbon substituent is called an alkyl
  group. An alkyl group can be several carbons
  long.
• a) the ending of the hydrocarbon substituent is
  -yl
• ex) methane --- methyl

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• CH3-CH2- CH2-CH -CH -CH -CH3
• CH2 CH3CH3
• CH3
• IUPAC rules for naming - name the parts and then
  put them all together into one name
• Find the longest continuous chain of carbons in
  the molecule.
• Heptane
• 2. Name the substituent groups and then number
  them so that they will have the smallest number.
• 2-methyl, 3-methyl, 4-ethyl
• 3.Use a prefix for a group that occurs more than
  once.
• 2,3-dimethyl, 4-ethyl
• 4. Then list in alphabetical order ignoring
  prefixes.
• 4-ethyl-2,3-dimethyl

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• CH3-CH2- CH2-CH -CH -CH -CH3
• CH2CH3 CH3
• CH3
• Proper punctuation
• Commas separate numbers
• Hyphens separate numbers and words
• Name is written as one word.
• 4-ethyl-2,3-dimethylheptane
• 2 video clips coming up over same topic

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• Give it a try. Name these
• A) CH3-CH-CH2-CH3
• CH2
• CH3
• CH3
• B) CH3-CH2-C-CH3
• CH2
• CH2
• CH3
• 3-methylpentane
• 3,3-dimethylhexane

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• A couple of more your turns
• Name C C
• C-C-C-C-C
• C C
• Draw 3-ethyl-2,4-dimethyloctane
• Answers 2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentane
• C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C
• C C C
• C

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• Common Named Alkyl Groups.
• There are two different three carbon alkyl
  groups, there are four different four carbon
  alkyl groups.

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• The butyl groups are n-butyl, sec-butyl,
  isobutyl, and tert-butyl. The prefix sec- stands
  for secondary, and the prefix tert- stands for
  tertiary, referring to the number of other carbon
  atoms attached to the branch point.
• There are four possible substitution patterns,
  called primary, secondary, tertiary, and
  quaternary.