Sec. 3:Earth

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Sec. 3Earths Climate and Vegetation

• Climate vs.
• Different kinds of weather over a long period of
  time

• Weather
• Is the state of the atmosphere at any given moment

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• Areas in the middle Latitudes get vertical rays
  only part of the year creating the season
• In these areas the climate is called Temperate
  because it is neither too hot nor too cold

• The effects of Latitude
• Near the equator the suns rays hit the earths
  surface more vertically so it creates warmer
  climates

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• Changes in the seasons
• Tropic refers to the area on earth at or near
  the equator
• Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn

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• These heating and cooling differences cause wind.
• Sea breeze- air over land heats up during the day
  and cooler air from the water blows in and pushes
  the warm air up
• Land breeze- at night the land cools more quickly
  than the water. Warm air over the water is pushed
  up by the cooler air blowing out from land.

• The effects of Land and water
• Land heats up more quickly than bodies of water
• Water takes longer to warm up but it stays warm
  longer.
• Ocean Currents also effect temperature.
• Warm currents vs. Cold currents

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• The effects of altitude
• The air temperature gets colder the higher up you
  go.
• Rain Shadow- air cools as it goes up one side of
  a mountain. At the top it forms clouds and
  precipitation falls.

• Where the air goes up the mountain get a lot of
  rain and snow where the air comes down gets
  little rain fall

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• Climate and Vegetation
• 6 Climate zones
• Tropical, desert, temperate warm, temperate cold,
  polar, highland
• Vegetation different kinds of plant life

• Tropical climates-
• Rainforests thick vegetation and tall trees
• 100 inches of rain a year
• Desert Climates-Arid really dry
• 10 inches of rain a year

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• Temperate climate
• Temperate warm- influenced by water
• Found along coastal areas near oceans and seas
• Temperate cold- influenced by land
• Found inland on most continents
• Polar Climates
• The opposite of a tropical climate NO SUMMER
• In some areas mosses and grasses grow in other
  areas no vegetation grows.