LESSONS FROM PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES. Part I

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LESSONS FROM PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES. Part I
Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster
Reduction, Vienna, Virginia, USA 
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EARTHQAKES ARE DYNAMIC LABORATORIES FOR LEARNING
AND CATALYSTS FOR BUILDING CAPACITY FOR
DISASTER-INTELLIGENT DISASTER-RESILIENT
COMMUNITES

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PAST NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES

• SISCHUAN, CHINA
• MAY 12, 2008

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(No Transcript)
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WITHIN MINUTES AND HOURS

• Forty-four of the counties and districts of the
  Sishuan Province were directly affected.

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• 45,690,000 people were affected by the disaster.

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CHINA EARTHQUAKEMAY 12 2008
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LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES
• PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE STRONG
  GROUND MOTION IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY
  RESILIENCE.

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LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES
• PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS AND INFRASTRUCTURE IS
  ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

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A PROTECTION NIGHTMARE COLLAPSED BUILDINGS
BEICHUAN
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A PROTECTION NIGHTMARE COLLAPSED MIDDLE SCHOOL--
JUYUAN
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COLLAPSED HOME JUYUAN
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TEMPORARY HOUSING MINGYANG
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COLLAPSED BUILDINGS DUJIANGYAN
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ANTICIPATING AFTERSHOCKS CHENGDU
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ANTICIPATING AFTERSHOCKS MINGQIANG
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LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES
• PREPAREDNESS PLANNING FOR THE INEVITABLE GROUND
  FAILURE IS ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

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LANDSLIDE BEICHUAN
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WORKING ON QUAKE LAKE
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LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES
• CAPACITY FOR INTELLIGENT EMERGENCY RESPONSE IS
  ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

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EMERGENCY RESPONSE HINDERED BY AFTERSHOCKS

• According to the China Seismological Bureau,
  10,068 aftershocks were detected within 3 weeks
  after the main shock.

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COLLAPSED BUILDINGS DUJIANGYAN
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ADDITIONAL 30,000 SOLDIERS SENT TO SPEED UP
SEARCH RESCUE
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SOLDIERS FACILITATE SEARCH AND RESCUE BEICHUAN
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TIAWAN'S SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAMS PREPARING TO GO
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SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAM DUJIANGYAN
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SEARCH AND RESCUE DUJIANGYAN
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PREGNANT WOMAN RESCUED DUJIANGYAN
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SOLDIERS REPAIR CRACKS IN ZIPINGPU DAM
DUJIANGYAN
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MEDICAL CARE FOR THE INJURED
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TEMPORARY MEDICAL FACILITIES NINGQIANG
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INJURED WAIT FOR MEDICAL SERVICES
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LESSONS LEARNED FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

• ALL NOTABLE EARTHQUAKES
• CAPACITY FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION IS
  ESSENTIAL FOR COMMUNITY RESILIENCE.

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CLEANUP AND RECONSTRUCTION UNDERWAY JULY 9,
2008
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DIMENSIONS OF THE RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION
PROCESS
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TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER

• Within three weeks, the death toll, which would
  eventually reach 88,000, reached 69,107
• The number of injured reached 373,577

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TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER

• 1,064,591 people were evacuated from damaged
  and destroyed homes or homes threatened by
  floods to safer places.

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TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER

• Fifteen million homeless and displaced people had
  been housed in tent cities and temporary shelters
  across the region.

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TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER

• The government had allocated 23.074 billion yuan
  (3.33 billion U.S. dollars) for quake relief
  efforts.
• The relief fund included 18.68 billion yuan from
  the central budget and 4.394 billion yuan from
  local budgets.

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TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER

• Domestic and foreign donations reached 42.364
  billion yuan (6.11 billion U.S. dollars), up 624
  million yuan overnight.
• 12.1 billion yuan had been forwarded to the most
  severely affected areas.

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TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER

• 749,200 tents, one of the most urgently needed
  relief supplies, had been delivered to stricken
  families.
• A total of 4,416,100 quilts and 11,700,200
  garments had also been delivered to stricken
  regions.

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TWENTY-ONE DAYS LATER

• Relief workers had built 15,500 temporary houses
  and another 10,600 were being put together.
• The material for 45,700 makeshift houses had
  arrived in the impacted areas.

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TEMPORARY HOUSING

• As of Tuesday, July 8th, relief workers had
  built 447,600 temporary houses and another 23,600
  were ready to install.
• The materials for 50,600 new shelters had
  arrived in the affected areas.

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TENTS, QUILTS, GARMENTS, AND FUEL

• About 1.58 million tents, 4.87 million quilts,
  14.1 million garments, and 1.84 million tons of
  fuel oil had been sent to the quake-hit areas.

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ROAD RESTORATION

• As of Wednesday noon, July 9th, 52,418 km of the
  53,295 km of roads damaged in the quake, had been
  restored to service.

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BEICHUAN COUNTY

• As a part of the reconstruction process, soldiers
  helped by disinfecting and cleaning up Beichuan,
  one of the areas that was razed to the ground
  after suffering heavy damage.

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NEW POLICY JUNE 8TH

• Premier Wen Jiabao signed a regulation on
  reconstruction which established the protection
  of the ecological environment with economic and
  social development" as a guiding principle.

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DEBRIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS

• When China's military had disposed of 8
  million cubic meters of debris, cleanup had
  barely begun, and the tip of the environmental
  iceberg was barely exposed.

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WATER

• Contaminated water is one of the biggest
  environmental issues to ascertain after the
  earthquake.

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LONG TERM HEALTH IMPACTS

• Concern about long-term health impacts is well
  founded as a result of adverse environmental
  impacts on soil, air, and water.

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THE RECONSTRUCTION DEMANDS ARE HUGE

• According to the State Council Information
  Office, about 5,461,900 houses collapsed,
  5,932,500 houses were seriously damaged, and
  another 21 million need repairs.

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DEATHS, INJURED, AND MISSING

• The official death toll stood at 69,197 as of
  Wednesday , July 9th, according to the State
  Council Information Office .
• The number of injured and missing stood at
  374,176 and 18,379 respectively

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DISASTER FUNDS

• The government disaster relief fund reached
  56.088 billion yuan (about 8.19 billion U.S.
  dollars), including 50.748 billion yuan from the
  central budget and 5.34 billion yuan from the
  local budget.

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DONATIONS

• Domestic and foreign donations reached 56.925
  billion yuan in cash and goods, of which 20.479
  billion yuan was forwarded to the hardest hit
  areas.