Imperialism

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Imperialism
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Imperialism Defined

• a policy of extending a country's power and
  influence through diplomacy or military force
• the building of an empire

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Why would any country want to do this?

• What would motivate them?
• Brainstorm some ideas

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Motives Behind 18th C. Imperialism

• There were many reasons, or motives, for
  Imperialism.
• The Economic Motives were usually the most
  important.

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THE ECONOMIC MOTIVE
Economic Stage Explanation
Simplest Lust for loot or tribute
More Developed Search for raw materials and markets
Most Refined Mutual economic benefits for colony and parent country.
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Simplest Stage

• The earliest Spanish explorations provide an
  example of the simplest stage. The Spaniards
  hoped to find gold and silver in the new world.

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More Developed Stage

• Britains economic interest in the new world
  reflects the more developed stage.
• Once southern plantations began to thrive, raw
  cotton was shipped to England, made into
  clothing, and resold to the colonists at a
  profit.

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Most Refined Stage

• Britains promotion of the tea industry in India
  illustrates the most refined economic stage.
• The growth of tea on a mass scale provided
  widespread employment for Indians, a cheap and
  popular drink for English people, a product that
  the British could sell in Europe for a profit.

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The Strategic Motive

• Strategic motives often became as important as
  economic ones
• The acquisition of territory to protect the
  mother country, her colonies, and their lines of
  communication.

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Britain in Egypt in the late 19th C.

• motivated mainly by the desire to protect her
  trade routes to her most important colony, India,
  
• opening and controlling the Suez Canal.

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COLONIZING MOTIVE

• During the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth
  centuries, the colonizing motive was also very
  important, though it became less important as
  time went on.

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THE COLONIZING MOTIVE

• A nations need to provide space for its surplus,
  dissident, or criminal population.

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Freedom from Oppression

• British settlers who came to the New World
  included poor people in search of a better life,
  religious dissenters, such as the puritans, and
  criminals such as the ones who established the
  colony in Georgia in 1732.

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Lesser Motives

• Three other motives, the less important of the
  ones we have already discussed, were
  complimentary to imperialist expansion.

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Aggressive motive

• The desire for revenge, excitement, power or
  prestige the urge to trample weaker peoples and
  to advertise strength.

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Missionary motive

• The desire to convert other peoples to a
  religion, culture, or way of life.

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Leadership motive

• A countrys conviction of its superior ability to
  provide orderly government, either as a permanent
  proprietor or as a temporary trustee.
• aka White Mans Burden (a poem by Rudyard
  Kipling)

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Examine These late 19th Century Cartoons
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Three Main Motives

• Most of Europes imperialist expansion was based
  on the economic, strategic, and colonizing
  motives, with other motives playing a lesser
  part.