Cases Nominative, Accusative, Dative

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Cases (Nominative, Accusative, Dative)
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• Everybody loves CASES.

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• When you are writing a sentence in German, you
  must ask yourself a very important question

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• does the sentence contain a PREPOSITION???

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• (A PREPOSITION, remember, is a word like in,
  under, with, without, of, from,
  behind and so on)

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• Does the sentence contain a PREPOSITION???

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• Does the sentence contain a PREPOSITION???
• Well, does it???

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• If the answer is YES, go to SLIDE 33

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• but if the answer is NO, this is what you do

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• First of all

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• First of all
• find the VERB!!!

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• (A VERB, remember, is a doing word)

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• The man drinks a cup of coffee.
• The woman is visiting her grandma.
• My friend bought his mother a present.

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• The man drinks a cup of coffee.
• The woman is visiting her grandma.
• My friend bought his mother a present.

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• now that you have found the VERB, ask yourself
  this

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• now that you have found the VERB, ask yourself
  this
• WHO or WHAT is DOING the VERB???

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• The man drinks a cup of coffee.
• The woman is visiting her grandma.
• My friend bought his mother a present.

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• The man drinks a cup of coffee.
• The woman is visiting her grandma.
• My friend bought his mother a present.

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• WHOEVER, or WHATEVER, is DOING the VERB, goes in
  the NOMINATIVE case!!!

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• This is called the
• SUBJECT
• of the verb!!!

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• The next question you ask yourself is

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• The next question you ask yourself is
• WHO or WHAT is BEING DONE by the verb?

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• The man drinks a cup of coffee.
• The woman is visiting her grandma.
• My friend bought his mother a present.

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• The man drinks a cup of coffee.
• The woman is visiting her grandma.
• My friend bought his mother a present.

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• WHOEVER, or WHATEVER, is BEING DONE by the VERB,
  goes in the ACCUSATIVE case!!!

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• This is called the
• DIRECT OBJECT
• of the verb!!!

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• The next question you ask yourself is

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• The next question you ask yourself is
• WHO or WHAT is having the verb DONE TO THEM? Or
  FOR THEM???

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• The man drinks a cup of coffee.
• The woman is visiting her grandma.
• My friend bought his mother a present.

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• The man drinks a cup of coffee.
• The woman is visiting her grandma.
• My friend bought his mother a present.

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• WHOEVER, or WHATEVER, is having the VERB DONE TO
  or FOR THEM, goes in the DATIVE case!!!

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• This is called the
• INDIRECT OBJECT
• of the verb!!!

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• SLIDE 33
• What to do if your sentence contains a preposition

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• Prepositions in German should be divided into
  THREE groups

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• GROUP ONE
• PREPOSITIONS THAT ALWAYS TAKE THE ACCUSATIVE

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• FÜR
• (for)

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• UM
• (around)

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• DURCH
• (through)

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• GEGEN
• (against)

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• ENTLANG
• (along)

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• BIS
• (until)

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• OHNE
• (without)

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• WIDER
• (against)

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• GROUP TWO
• PREPOSITIONS THAT ALWAYS TAKE THE DATIVE

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• SEIT
• (since)

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• ZU
• (to)

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• AUS
• (from)

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• MIT
• (with)

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• BEI
• (at the house of)

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• AUSSER
• (except for)

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• VON
• (from, of)

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• NACH
• (after)

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• GEGENÜBER
• (opposite)

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• GROUP THREE
• PREPOSITIONS THAT TAKE EITHER ACCUSATIVE OR DATIVE

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• How can you tell whether to use the ACCUSATIVE or
  the DATIVE???

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• If MOVEMENT is implied, use
• ACCUSATIVE

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• If POSITION is implied, use
• DATIVE

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• Remember
• MOVEMENT ACCUSATIVE
• POSITION - DATIVE

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• Remember
• MOVEMENT ACCUSATIVE
• POSITION - DATIVE

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• Remember
• MOVEMEN
• ACCUSATIE
• POSITON - DATIE

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• Remember
• MOVEEN
• ACCSATIE
• POSTON - DATE

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• Remember
• MOVEN
• ACSATIE
• POSON - DAE

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• Remember
• MOEN
• ACSATE
• POSN - DE

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• Remember
• MON
• ACSAE
• PSN DE

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• Remember
• MN
• ACSE
• PS D

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• Remember
• M
• ACE
• P D

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• Remember
• M
• AC
• P D

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• Remember
• M
• A
• P D

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• Remember
• M
• A
• P
• D

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• Remember
• My
• Au
• Pl
• Da

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• Remember
• My
• Aun
• Pla
• Dar

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• Remember
• My
• Aunt
• Play
• Dart

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• Remember
• My
• Aunt
• Plays
• Darts

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• Remember
• My
• Aunt
• Plays
• Darts

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• Here are SOME of the prepositions that take
  either ACCUSATIVE or DATIVE

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• IN
• (in/into)

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• AN
• (at)

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• VOR
• (in front of, before)

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• AUF
• (on/onto)

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• UNTER
• (under)

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• HINTER
• (behind)

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• ZWISCHEN
• (between)

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• Points of interest

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• The verbs DANKEN (to thank) and HELFEN (to help)
  take the DATIVE!!!

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• If you have a sentence with a PREPOSITION and an
  object (direct or indirect)

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• The boy watched a film with his sister

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• deal with the PREPOSITION part FIRST!!!

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• The boy watched a film with his sister

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• NEVER
• use NOMINATIVE
• after a PREPOSITION!!!

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• Ende!!
• Machts gut!!!