29th Implementation Committee Meeting

1
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that
Depletethe Ozone Layer


Suresh Raj Capacity Building Manager Energy and
OzonAction Branch UNEP DTIE
2
ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE MONTREAL PROTOCOL
Multilateral Fund (ExCom)
Parties to the Protocol
MOP, OEWG TEAP, TOC, SAP Implementation Committee
MF Secretariat
Implementing Agencies (UNEP, UNDP, UNIDO, WB)
Ozone Secretariat
National Ozone Units
Industry
NGOs
Public
Government
3
UNEPs Implementing Agency Role
Information Clearinghouse
Global
Networks
Regional
Policy Compliance Support
Country Programme
Training
National
Refrigerant Management Plans
Institutional Strengthening
4
I - Montreal Protocol as a forerunner
5
Montreal Protocol Compliance Period for A5
Countries

• MP is regarded a successful MEA
• Success not guaranteed much work remains to be
  done in developing countries (known as Article 5
  or A5 countries)
• Major milestone in the treaty compliance phase
  for A5 countries started in July 1999

6
A dramatic decrease in CFC consumption
ODP Tonnes
Source Art 7 data
7
and CFC production
ODP Tonnes
Source Art 7 data
8
II - Effective compliance UNEPs Compliance
Assistance Programme (CAP)
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MEA compliance the Ozone experience

• With entrance into compliance phase for
  developing countries, UNEPs OzonAction Programme
  entered its own compliance phase
• The Compliance Assistance Programme (CAP) a
  team of experts on technical and political issues
  dedicated to countries compliance

10
The CAP Team

• Most CAP personnel based in Regional Offices,
  working closely with countries on an on-going
  basis
• 85 of CAP professional staff from developing
  countries
• Team size 45, with 27 P staff
• The biggest Team of its kind - directly
  implementing a MEA.

11
How CAP assists A5 Parties

• Assist with getting information from countries in
  a timely fashion
• Education of Parties and NOU training in
  understanding of the Protocol process
• Increased collaboration with other IAs, the Ozone
  Secretariat (UNEP) and the MFS (UNEP)

12
Key principles of the CAP

• The end result - the main variable for success
  countrys compliance
• Most CAP experts are based in their own regions
• A powerful combination- Regional Director -
  political support- Regional Network Coordinator
  - coordinates activities of regional teams

13
III - Institutional Functional Aspects
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Country Programme (CP)

• Provides data on consumption and use of ODS.
• Expresses the commitment of the country to phase
  out ODS as per the Montreal Protocol.
• Supports the development and implementation of a
  national ODS phase-out strategy.
• UNEP has assisted 100 countries develop CPs

15
Country Programmes (UNEP)
(Cumulative)
Including GEF
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Institutional Strengthening (IS)

• National Ozone Unit (NOU) established to
  coordinate in-country activities - data
  collection, establish licensing system, training,
  awareness raising.
• UNEP has assisted 100 countries with IS
  projects.

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IS Projects (UNEP)
(Cumulative)
Including GEF
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Customs Training

• Provides customs officers and other stakeholders
  with the skills necessary to monitor and control
  imports and exports of ODSs and products
  (including equipment) containing them.
• Capacity built to detect and minimise illegal
  trade.
• UNEP conducted training in 70 countries
• 30 more in the pipeline

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Customs Training
(Cumulative)
Including GEF
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Refrigeration Training

• Upgrade the skills of servicing engineers and
  technicians.
• Good service practices to reduce CFC consumption
  in the refrigeration and air-conditioning service
  sector.
• Assist country to comply with the phase out
  schedule under the Montreal Protocol.
• UNEP conducted training in 60 countries
• 30 more in the pipeline

21
Refrigeration Training
(Cumulative)
Including GEF
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Networking

• Provides regular forum for officers in NOUs to
  meet to exchange experiences, develop skills,
  share knowledge ideas with counterparts from
  both developing and developed countries.
• Helps ensure that NOUs have the information,
  skills and contacts required for managing
  national ODS phase-out activities.
• UNEP operates 9 Regional Networks involving 143
  developing and 20 developed countries

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Countries in Networks
(Cumulative)
Including GEF
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Regional CAP
Serbia
Montenegro
Kyrgyzstan
Moldova
Yugoslavia
Romania
Georgia
Armenia
Mongolia
Bosnia Herzegovina
Korea, Dem. Ppl. Rep.
Turkey
Albania
Syrian Arab Rep.
Korea, Rep.
Lebanon
Macedonia
Tunisia
China
Iraq
Jordan
Iran
Morocco
Nepal
Kuwait
Algeria
St. Kitts
Pakistan
Libya
Egypt
Antigua Barbuda
SaudiArabia
Laos
Bahamas
Mexico
India
Cuba
Dominica
UAE
Haiti
Dominican Republic
St. Lucia
Oman
Bangladesh
Mauritania
Mali
Belize
Niger
St. Vincent
Chad
Myanmar
Vietnam
Jamaica
Guatemala
Bahrain
Senegal
Barbados
Thailand
Honduras
BurkinaFaso
Sudan
Gambia
Philippines
Grenada
Qatar
Guinea
Venezuela
El Salvador
Nigeria
Trinidad Tobago
Iran
Centr.African R.
Ethiopia
Sri Lanka
Nicaragua
Guyana
Cote d'Ivoire
Brunei
Colombia
Cameroon
Costa Rica
Malaysia
Suriname
Maldives
Djibouti
Ghana
Togo
Panama
Congo
Uganda
Singapore
Ecuador
Benin
Kenya
Zaire
Seychelles
Indonesia
Gabon
Tanzania
Comoros
Brazil
Angola
Peru
Madagascar
Malawi
Zambia
Bolivia
Zimbabwe
Mauritius
Fiji
Namibia
Mozambique
Paraguay
Swaziland
Lesotho
Botswana
Uruguay
Chile
South Africa
Argentina
South Latin America
Caribbean
English Africa
South Asia
Europe
South East Asia
West Asia
Central Latin America
French Africa
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III - The Ozone Infrastructure a resource to be
utilized
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Ozone an existing infrastructure

• Institutional
• Global Information Clearinghouse
• Region Regional CAP Teams
• Countries NOUs - some of them also handle
  Climate and/or Chemicals
• Functional
• Country Programme
• Institutional Strengthening
• Training
• Networking

27
Ozone an existing expertise

• Capacity building
• Policy development enforcement
• Information Clearinghouse
• Sectoral expertise (Refrigeration, Halon, Methyl
  Bromide,)
• Illegal trade

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Ozone an MEA in need of others expertise

• Ozone both atmospheric and chemical issue
• SAP Phase-out of the ozone-depleting chemical,
  methyl bromide, may lead to increased use and
  numbers of other pesticides which may lead to
  additional health risks
• Disposal of waste CFCs
• Ozone uses expertise from other MEAs
• (e.g. Basel Regional Training Centers)

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IV - Practical examples and way forward
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Challenge 1

• Environmental crime and illegal trade

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ResponseGreen Customs Initiative

• Integrated training of customs officers for
  enforcement of various MEAs.
• Joint initiative of UNEP DTIE, Basel, CITES in
  partnership with WCO, Interpol, etc.

32
Green Customs website

• Website is partnership of WCO, Interpol, CITES,
  the Basel Convention, UNEP DTIE's OzonAction
  Programme, the Ozone Secretariat, UNEP DEC and
  UNEP DEPI
• Description and background material about Green
  Customs initiative
• Offers consolidated links to information
  training resources for customs officials to
  combat illegal trade in commodities of
  environmental concern
• Launched June 2003

www.uneptie.org/ozonaction/customs
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Challenge 2

• Support compliance with MEAs through coordinated
  information exchange and public awareness
  programmes

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Response Information Clearinghouse

• Since early 1990s Information Clearinghouse for
  ozone in UNEP DTIE
• 2002 Communication Strategy for Global
  compliance
• Similar goals / Similar target groups for ozone
  and other MEAs? Integrating MEA Clearinghouses?

35
Conclusions

• Montreal Protocol - MEA with universal acceptance
  and proven track record.
• Other MEAs can benefit from MP implementation
  experience.
• Parties can influence change - a Decision on
  better coordination can be introduced at the 16
  MOP of the MP in Prague.