Movement Terminology

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Movement Terminology
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Course Content

• Introduction to the Course
• Biomechanical Concepts Related to Human Movement
• Anatomical Concepts Related to Human Movement
• Qualitative Analysis of Human Movement

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Movement Terminology

• Types of motion
• Reference systems
• Fundamental movements in the sagittal plane
• Fundamental movements in the frontal plane
• Fundamental movements in the transverse plane

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Types of Motion

• motion change in position with respect to some
  reference frame
• What causes motion?

Force!!!
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Linear Motion
curvilinear
rectilinear
translation
Role of COG?
Definition
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Angular Motion
Definition
Axis fixed or moving
rotation
Role of COG?
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General Motion
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Reference Positions
Fundamental Standing Position
Anatomical Standing Position
Fig 2.9
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Sagittal Plane Mediolateral (ML)Axis
Planes Axes
Frontal Axis Bilateral Axis
2-6
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Sagittal Plane Mediolateral (ML)Axis
Frontal Plane Anteroposterior (AP) Axis
Sagittal Axis
2-6
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Sagittal Plane Mediolateral (ML)Axis
Frontal Plane Anteroposterior (AP) Axis
Transverse Plane Superior-Inferior (SI) Axis
Longitudinal Axis Vertical Axis
2-6
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Movement Terminology

• Types of motion
• Reference systems
• Fundamental movements in the sagittal plane
• Fundamental movements in the frontal plane
• Fundamental movements in the transverse plane

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Sagittal Plane Fundamental Movements

• Flexion
• Extension
• Hyperextension
• Hyperflexion
• Plantar flexion
• Dorsiflexion

Flexion and extension do not refer to muscle
contraction!!!
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Frontal Plane Fundamental Movements

• Abduction
• Adduction
• Left lateral flexion
• Right lateral flexion
• Hyperabduction
• Hyperadduction
• Radial deviation
• Ulnar deviation
• Inversion
• Eversion

To observe, look at the plane, down the axis!!!
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Transverse Plane Fundamental Movements

• Medial rotation
• Inward, Internal
• Lateral rotation
• Outward, External
• Left rotation
• Right rotation
• Supination
• Pronation

Forearm in neutral position
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Transverse Plane Fundamental Movements

• Horizontal adduction
• Horizontal abduction

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Other Points

• Circumduction combines sagittal (flexion,
  extension) and frontal plane (abduction,
  adduction) motions.
• Although inversion eversion occur around the
  long axis of the bone like transverse plane
  movements, they are considered frontal plane
  movements because of the orientation of the foot
  in anatomical position.
• All movements defined in this slide show are
  rotational movement, even though we use the word
  rotation only for transverse plane motions.

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Other Points (cont.)

• Not all joints permit movement in all 3 planes
  learn the planes of movement associated with each
  joint.
• Movement terms for each plane vary across joints
  learn appropriate terminology for each joint.