The Internet Protocol IP

1
The Internet Protocol (IP)

• 20010110. Kim Jung hyun

2
Contents
0

• Introduction to IP
• Traditional IP Addressing (IPv4)
• From Source to Destination on IP
• IP Datagram Format
• IP Datagram Fragmentation
• ICMP
• DHCP

3
Introduction to IP
1

• The network protocol in the Internet
• IP address ? Network ID Host ID
• Transmit datagrams from one host to another. if
  necessary, via intermediate routers
• Network Information Center(NIC)

4
Introduction to IP (contd)
1

• Unreliable packet delivery
• Only header check sum
• When an IP datagram is longer than the MTU of the
  underlying network? broken into smaller packets
  at the source, and? reassembled at the final
  destination

5
Introduction to IP (contd)
1

• Address resolution- convert IP address to
  network address of a host for a specific
  underlying network(Ex) convert 32 bits IP
  address to 48 bits Ethernet address
• Translation is network Technology-dependent

6
IPV4 Addressing
2

• IETF RFC 791 (1981)
• 32 bits numeric id - 4 billion hosts(Ex
  223.1.1.219 )
• Using Dot notation

7
IPV4 Addressing
2

• Network has an address, using network mask, (Ex
  223.1.1.0 /24)

8
IPV4 Addressing
2

• Internet Address Structure classful
• ? 5 classes ( A E )

9
IPV4 Addressing
2
10
IPV4 Addressing
2

• Classless InterDomain Routing(CIDR)
• ? Problem of shortage of IP address (scarify
  of class B, plenty of class C)
• ? Allocate a batch of contiguous class C address
  to a subnet requiring more than 255 addresses
• ? Add a mask field to the routing table
• ? IETF RFC 1519 (1993)

11
Moving a Datagram from Source to Destination
3
12
Moving a Datagram from Source to Destination
3
13
Moving a Datagram from Source to Destination
3
14
IP Datagram Format (IPv4)
4
15
IP Datagram Fragmentation
5

• When an IP datagram is longer than the MTU of the
  underlying network? broken into smaller packets
  at the source, and? reassembled at the final
  destination

16
IP Datagram Fragmentation
5
17
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
6

• RFC 792
• Typically used for error reporting(Ex
  Destination network unreachable)
• Has Type Code filed

18
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
6
19
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
7

• Used to assign IP addresses to hosts dynamically
• Client-Server protocol

20
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
7

• DHCP server discovery (C to S)
• DHCP server offer (S to C)
• DHCP request (C to S)
• DHCP ACK (S to C)

21
8

• Thank you