The Rise of the Middle Ages

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The Rise of the Middle Ages
CHAPTER 13

• Section 1 The Rise of the Franks
• Section 2 Feudalism and the Manorial System
• Section 3 The Church
• Section 4 The Struggle for Power in England and
  France
• Section 5 The Clash over Germany and Italy

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Objectives
Section 1
The Rise of the Franks

• Describe how Frankish rulers gained control of
  Europe.
• Explain what caused the decline of Charlemagnes
  empire.

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The Frankish Rulers
Section 1
The Rise of the Franks

• An age of transition Middle Ages or medieval
  period
• Clovis and the Merovingians
• Charles Martel and Pépin the Short
• Charlemagnes empire
• Government missi dominici
• Education and learning produced a readable Bible

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The Decline of the Frankish Empire
Section 1
The Rise of the Franks

• The empire after Charlemagnes death Louis the
  Pious was a weak ruler
• The Vikings

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Objectives
Section 2
Feudalism and the Manorial System

• Explore how feudalism helped shape political and
  social development in Europe during the Middle
  Ages.
• Identify the ways in which the manorial system
  influenced economic growth in Europe during the
  Middle Ages.

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Treaty of VerdunCharlemagnes son Louis Had
Three Sons
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Feudalism
Section 2
Feudalism and the Manorial System

• By the year 900A.D most of Europe was controlled
  by local lords
• There would be no central governments in tact
• The system lords and vassals, primogeniture
• Warfare private fights between feudal lords
• Feudal justice trial by battle, oath taking, or
  trial by ordeal pg. 297.

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Vassals Honoring their Lord with a Kiss
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Knights and their Armor
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Castles of Europe
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The Manorial System
Section 2
Feudalism and the Manorial System

• Peasant life serfs led very difficult lives
• Meals for peasants were bread, lentils, and
  vegetables.
• Peasants were not allowed meat because they
  couldnt hunt on the lords land.
• Meat was reserved for the lords
• Nobles lifestyles castle was the fortified
  base
• Chivalry rules that dictated knights behavior

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Education of a Knight

• At age 7 parents would send you to the castle of
  another lord. You would be called a page. would
  wait on hosts and learn courtly manners
• Play chess to learn war strategies.
• The page would also practice sword fighting and
  learn fighting skills.

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• At age 14 a page was raised to the rank of
  squire.
• A squire was servant to the knight. A squire took
  care of the knights armor, weapons, and warhorse.
• The squire would also escort a knight into
  battle.
• At age 21 a squire would become a knight.
• All knights lived by the code of chivalry
• This was devotion to his feudal lord, his
  heavenly lord, and his chosen lady. Also protect
  the weak and poor.
• Knight was expected to defend his chosen lady,
  and keep her entertained with love poems and
  songs.

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A Cowardly Knight

• His Armor would be stripped off
• His shield cracked in half.
• His spurs were cut off
• His sword was continually smashed over his head
  until the sword cracked in half.
• When the knight was dead they would throw him in
  a cheap coffin.
• They would drag him to church where a priest
  would chant a mock funeral service.

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Medieval manor
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Objectives
Section 3
The Church

• Describe how the church hierarchy fit into
  society.
• Explain how the practices of monasticism changed.
• Explore how the church influenced life in
  medieval Europe.

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The Church Hierarchy
Section 3
The Church

• The parish priest held lowest rank, but still
  important
• The bishop managed the diocese
• Church leadership archbishop managed the
  archdiocese

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Monasticism
Section 3
The Church

• Monastic lifestyles monks and nuns withdrew
  from the world to serve God
• The Benedictine Rule rules to govern monks
  lives
• The spread of monastic influence

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The Church and Medieval Life
Section 3
The Church

• Political role pope was political and religious
  leader
• Economic and social role some monasteries were
  involved in trade
• Problems of the church lay investiture and
  simony

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Objectives
Section 4
The Struggle for Power in England and France

• Explain how the kingdom of England was formed.
• Identify the achievements of William the
  Conqueror and his successors.
• Describe how Parliament and common law affected
  political developments in England.
• Explore how the French kings gained power over
  their nobles.

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Anglo-Saxon and Norman England
Section 4
The Struggle for Power in England and France

• Anglo-Saxon England named for two Germanic
  tribes
• Alfred the Great determined to drive the Danes
  out
• Danish rule
• The Norman Conquest Edward the Confessor,
  William the Conqueror

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The Conqueror and His Successors
Section 4
The Struggle for Power in England and France

• Reforms under Williams successors strong,
  efficient, well-financed government
• King John and Magna Carta protected liberties
  of nobles and outlined rights for ordinary people

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Parliament and Common Law
Section 4
The Struggle for Power in England and France

• Parliament nobles and clergy made up House of
  Lords, knights and burgesses made up House of
  Commons
• Common law collection of decisions that were
  applied equally and in common

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Rise of the Capetian Kings in France
Section 4
The Struggle for Power in England and France

• The growth of royal territory
• Strengthening the central government

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Objectives
Section 5
The Clash over Germany and Italy

• Describe how the Holy Roman emperors used their
  power.
• Explain how the struggle between the popes and
  emperors developed.

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The Holy Roman Empire
Section 5
The Clash over Germany and Italy

• Otto I worked to develop a strong kingdom in
  Germany
• Henry III viewed the church as a branch of the
  imperial government

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Struggles between the Papacyand European Rulers
Section 5
The Clash over Germany and Italy

• Gregory and Henry II disagreed regarding lay
  investiture and Henry was ex-communicated
• Imperial submission Gregory revoked the kings
  ex-communication
• Frederick Barbarossa defeated by the Lombard
  League
• Innocent III sought to make church power
  superior to temporal authority