Late Middle Ages

1
Late Middle Ages

• The Three Contributions
• The Black Death
• Hundred Years War
• The Great Schism

2
The Black Death

• The Black Death, also called the Bubonic Plague
  began in Asia in 1346. It was said to be
  transmitted by fleas and rats that came across on
  trading ships to Europe.
• The symptoms were painful, signs were of swollen
  glands in the groin, armpit, and neck. Victims
  coughed and spat up blood, and their body gave
  off a terrible odour. Eventually the swellings
  burst and they died.
• The Black Death affected the social, religious,
  and economic environment of Europe.

3
The Black Death continued

• The social effects of the plague
• The people began to give gifts to the Church to
  try and purify themselves and rid their sins. It
  was thought by many that the plague was the wrath
  and judgement of God. Everyone was asking the
  question of whom was the ones spreading the
  plague? The culprit was the Jews. Jews were
  massacred as a result and driven out of the
  countries.
• Economic effects of the plague
• Took Europe 150 years to recover from the
  population decline. Prices in crops went up
  because labour was expensive. They tried to
  prevent newcomers to enter craft or trade, and
  many discouraged innovations. Economic power
  shifted away from the cities and towns to the
  countryside.

4
The Hundred Years War

• The Hundred Years War took place between the
  French and English. Problems were aroused from
  the fact that the French and the English were
  very closely inter related. This meant that to
  war. The war actually lasted 116 years and was
  mostly sieges and edgy truces. Eventually King
  Edward IIIs son Edward IV started fighting. He
  became known as the black prince, and he captured
  Aquitaine the leader, John II. This English win
  amounted to the signing of a treaty placing
  Edward as king of Aquitaine. Because of the
  heavy taxes placed on the people, the nobles
  asked for help from Charles V, during the time of
  succession for the French throne, it was unclear
  who was to reign. The French heir Philip VI took
  the throne, but the English king Edward III
  thought he had a rightful claim to the throne.
  This created tension and later led to Edward III
  claiming he was king of France. This challenge
  of power set the French and English who had taken
  the French kingship. After a few battles the
  French pushed out the English. Both countries
  were now having internal problems and fighting
  subsided.

5
More of the 100 years war

• Henry V became the English king and decided to
  attack the French when they were suffering from
  internal strife. Henry beat the French in the
  Battle of Agincourt and forced the French to sign
  another treaty. This disinherited the Royal
  French heir of his right to the throne. This
  might have continued, but the young girl Joan of
  Arc had a vision that told her to drive the
  English out of France. Joan of Arc then led an
  army and defeated the English. The French heir,
  Charles VII then retook his throne. The Hundred
  Years war was complete twenty years later, when
  all of the English were gone.

6

The Great Schism

• The great schism is used to refer to two major
  events in Christianity
• Division between the eastern (orthodox) and
  western (roman) church
• The period (1378 1417) during which the western
  church had two lines of popes
• The cardinals were afraid of the crowds of Romans
  who wanted a Roman to fill the papacy, so they
  voted for a Roman
• This election was challenged so another pope was
  elected
• Rulers of the Christian countries took the side
  against the French and the French defended the
  Pope of Avignon.

7
The Great Schism.. again

• The schism was not resolved until 1417 and it
  created great problems for clergy, bishops and
  the universities that advised them
• Most of the schism was used for debating and
  negotiating the withdrawal of one of the two
  popes
• The conflict quickly escalated from a church
  problem to a diplomatic crisis that divided
  Europe.
• Secular leaders had to choose which pope they
  would recognize

8
Random Junk

• Printing Press.
• Origins of Dracula (Bram Stoker)
• The first recorded gunpowder in war.
• The rhyme Ring around the rosies.
• Parliament

9
The End

• Created by
• Louis,
• Evan,
• and Brittany