Slajd 1

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THE MALBORK CASTLE
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The Malbork Castle

• The Malbork castle is a classical example of a
  medieval fortress, one of the best of its kind in
  entire Europe.
• Together with a system of multiple defense walls
  with gates and towers, covering over 80 acres
  (one of the largest such strongholds in the
  world).
• The castle is divided into three major parts the
  oldest section is the rectangular High Castle
  with arcaded courtyard containing among others
  refectory, chapterhouse, St. Mary's chapel and
  treasury.
• In 14th century the old forecastle was converted
  into the Mid Castle with the Grand Refectory, The
  Knights' Hall and the Palace of the Grand Master.
  
• The Lower Castle encompassed the armory and the
  St. Lawrence Church.

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Plan of the Castle
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The Malbork Castle
The Malbork Castle short history

• On 14 September 1309 the Grand Master Siegfried
  von Feuchtwangen moved the Teutonic Order's
  headquarters to Malbork, which became the capital
  of one of the most powerful states on the
  southern Baltic coast. From that moment the
  Malbork Castle was rebuilt and modificated many
  times. The function of the castle has changed
  many times from cloister to fortress, a
  representative residence of lords, military
  garnison and finally to museum. The castle has
  survived a lot of wars, was besieged and beat the
  aggressors, but also was conquered and bought.
  The owners, the outlook of the Castle has been
  changed too, but the fame of the most powerful
  fortress in whole Europe stayed permanent.

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Malbork in the year 1460 - the oldest existing
view of the Malbork Castle
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A ground plan of Malbork, 1659
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The Prussian Devastation
In September 1772 Malbork was captured by
Prussian troops. They took up residence in the
High Castle within the barracks which had been
set up there by a Polish infantry regiment in
1737-44. However, this accommodation proved too
small and before long work on extending it began.
The cloisters were bricked up and a gate leading
out towards the town was added to the south wing.
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The Restoration - C. Steinbrecht
The Restoration - C. Steinbrecht
Plans to rebuild the castle began to be drawn up
immediately after the retreat of Napoleonic
troops from the town of Malbork. One of these
projects was drafted in 1815 by the president of
West Prussia, Theodor von Schön (1773-1856),
who received official orders from the state
chancellor, Prince Charles August von Hardenberg,
instructing him to start the rebuilding
programme. In 1816 a Malbork Castle
Reconstruction Committee was formed (Schloß
bauverwaltung Marienburg). The work started one
year later, from the partial reconstruction of
the eastern elevation, during which a 17th
century flight of stairs was demolished, and St.
Catherine's chapel was reconstructed.
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The High Castle before reconstruction, 1882
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The Malbork area flooded during the largest flood
in the region's history (1888)
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The Second World War
The political situation in Germany during the
1930s also affected everyday life at the castle.
On 1 May 1933 the flag of the Third Reich was
hoisted above the principal tower. The fortress
became a frequent venue for receptions attended
by high ranking Nazi party officials. Events such
as these led to plans being drafted in 1934 for
an amphitheatre to be built on the east side of
the castle.
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A panoramic view of the Castle from the West.
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The Museum
Malbork Castle Museum was founded on 1 January
1961. The decision to create this museum was
accelerated by a serious fire which had broken
out on 7 September 1959 in the roofs of the west
and north wings of the Middle Castle.
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The Museum
The castle interiors house several exhibitions,
including a permanent exhibition detailing the
castle's history, together with collections of
medieval sculpture, stained-glass windows, coins
and medals, weaponry, iron and foundrywork,
pottery, tapestries, as well as a priceless
collection of amber art. In the summer, sons et
lumiere spectacles are held in the castle
courtyards.
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The concert hall of the Middle Castle.
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Malbork on the World Heritage List
The Malbork Castle was inscripted in 1997. Why
on the World Heritage List? to exhibit an
important interchange of human values, over a
span of time or within a cultural area of the
world, on developments in architecture or
technology, monumental arts, town-planning or
landscape design to bear a unique or at
least exceptional testimony to a cultural
tradition or to a civilization which is living or
which has disappeared to be an outstanding
example of a type of building, architectural or
technological ensemble or landscape which
illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human
history Malbork Castle is the supreme example of
the medieval brick castle that characterizes the
unique architecture of the Crusading Teutonic
Order in eastern Europe. It is also of
considerable historical significance for the
evidence that it provides of the evolution of the
modern philosophy and practice of restoration and
conservation.
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The Siege Of Malbork Castle
In Malbork every year take place The Siege Of
Malbork Castle. People reconstruct then the
events from 1410. This years edition lasted 6
days, was registrated by 9 television cameras. 30
horses, 300 knights and 500 participants took
part in the event. It was watched by approximate
60 000 people.
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The Siege of Malbork Castle 2006
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The Siege of Malbork Castle 2006
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The Siege of Malbork Castle 2006
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The Siege of Malbork Castle 2006
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Destroyed, reconstructed and rebuilt, during many
centuries, castle has survived until today and
now is a huge tourist attraction at this part of
Europe. Every year its visited by tourists from
all over the world. The expedition to Malborks
fastness is a wonderful and unique lesson of
history. The guides will provide you a day spent
really interesting. Its one of the few places in
the world, where you can truly feel the middle
ages atmosphere and even meet the cavaliers
goast (especially in the evenings during the
Light and Sound performances).
THE END
Dorota Adamus Natalia Zarawska Mateusz
Krzyszton kl 2D