Latin American Independence

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Latin American Independence
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Independence

• What is needed for a revolution towards
  independence to take place?

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Independence

• A hero
• Leadership
• Shared purpose an African slave? A
  Quechua-speaking villager? Landowner of pure
  Spanish blood?
• Sense of belonging
• A common ideology liberalism and nationalism
• Which of these is perhaps the most difficult to
  attain?

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Important Ism

• Nationalism immense pride for ones own country
• Liberalism
• Liberty, equality, sovereignty, individual
  liberties

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Independence

• Who leads the way?
• Creoles native born whites
• Resentful
• Who are they battling against?
• Peninsulares Spanish born settlers

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Independence

• What type of hostility exists between them?

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INDEPENDENCE

• Competed socially against each other
• Spaniards were always given the best of
  everything

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Independence

• Who is not included in this independence
  equation?

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Independence

• Who is not included in this independence
  equation?
• Indigenous people
• African descent
• Mixed descent
• Sometimes the Creoles were more disliked than the
  Peninsulares why?

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Independence

• Sometimes the Creoles were more disliked than the
  Peninsulares why?
• Creoles owned land
• Creoles wanted lower people to be kept in their
  place

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Independence in Mexico

• 1810 the genie of independence comes out of the
  bottle!!!!!
• FATHER MIGUEL HIDALGO

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INDEPENDENCE

• Long live the Virgin of Guadalupe and Death to
  the Spaniards!Americans vs. SpaniardsA riot
  began, tools for weapons, peninsulars killed

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Independence in Mexico

• Father Jose Maria Morelos ( a mestizo priest)

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Independence in Mexico

• Well-organized army
• End slavery
• End caste system

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Independence

• Nativism is key

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Nativism is key

• Glorify American identity as a birthplace
• Unite all peoples against peninsulares (even if
  indigenous people wouldnt be given any rights)

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Independence

• Creoles want..
• To rule their country themselves
• The masses to be controlled

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Simon Bolivar
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Simon bolivar

• Born in Caracas
• Radical tutor
• 16 years old educated in Spain
• Falls in love, brings his wife back to Venezuela

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Simon bolivar

• His wife dies of yellow fever
• If my wife had not died, I might have led a
  quiet, sedentary life.

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Simon bolivar

• July 5, 1811
• Civil War in Venezuela for independence

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Simon bolivar

• 1813 defeats Royalist forces but eventually
  must retreat to Haiti
• The Admirable Campaign

Simon Bolivar, The Great Liberator, 199550 x 70
cm, acrylic on board
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El Liberator

• Bolivia
• Panama
• Colombia
• Ecuador
• Peru
• Venezuela

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• Modern day
• Latin America

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• Latin America when
• Bolivar was born
• In 1783

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Simon bolivar

• International support
• Gets the indigenous population and the Creoles on
  his side

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The meeting (right) of San Martin and (left)
Simon Bolívar in Guayaquil, Ecuador, on July 26,
1822
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Simon bolivar

• 1828 Dictatorship
• Escaped assassination
• 1830 Resigns
• Died of tubercolosis
• Poor
• Hated

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Simon bolivar

• Now he is worshipped throughout Latin America

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Simon Bolivar on Obverse of Colombian 5 Pesos of
1923
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SIMON BOLIVAR, REPOSA Y SUEÑA Priscila Falconi
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Outcomes of Independence

• The hierarchy remained
• Patriarchy still in power
• Mythical heroes come into existence
• Nations are created but are they legitimate?