The Cold War (Part I)

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The Cold War (Part I)

• Strange Alliance
• Wartime Diplomacy
• Truman Intensification of conflict
• Containment Policy
• Marshall Plan
• Cold War Institutions
• 1949
• Korean War

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Strange Alliance

• The wartime alliance was only a weak marriage of
  convenience against Hitler and was bound to
  collapse as soon as the mutual enemy was gone
  (Adler, 606)
• Differences
• Political systems
• Historical experiences
• Postwar goals

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Wartime Diplomacy

• Reasons for mistrust
• The second front issue
• Reasons for understanding
• FDRs Four Policemen
• Manchuria
• UN
• Unresolved issues
• Division of Germany
• Soviet occupation of
• Eastern Europe

Churchill, FDR, Stalin at Yalta
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Truman Intensification of Conflict

• Potsdam (7/45)
• Stalin refuses elections and wasnt leaving
  Eastern Europe
• Stalin pressures Turkey
• Stalins declaration of 2/46
• Communism capitalism incompatible
• 60 Americans thought U.S. was too soft in
  dealing with Soviets

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Containment Policy

• Truman asks Congress for aid to Greece and Turkey
• Truman Doctrine (3/47)
• It must be the policy of the U.S. to support
  free peoples who are resisting subjugation by
  armed minorities or by outside pressures. We
  must assist free peoples to work out their own
  destinies in their own way.

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Marshall Plan (4/47)

• Economic reconstruction of Western Europe (16
  countries)
• 13 billion over 3 years (100 billion at 2005
  conversion rate)

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Cold War Institutions

• NSC
• CIA
• NATO
• Warsaw Pact
• Red Scare

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1949

• Soviets develop Atomic bomb
• Arms race commences
• China falls to communism
• NSC-68
• Militarized containment

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Korean War (1950-53)

• Proxy War
• North supported by Soviets, China
• South supported by U.S., U.N.
• First test of Containment policy
• Stalemate