Exposure: Aperture And Shutter Speed

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ExposureAperture And Shutter Speed

• A present to my motivated little photo muffins
  from your sniffling, coughing teacher
• For Intermediate- an intro
• For Advanced- a review

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Exposure

• In Intermediate, we learn how to use the cameras
  settings to get good negatives.
• It can be a little complicated and tricky at
  first, but this should make your life WAY easier
  in the darkroom.

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What happened in Beginning?

• You used a point-and-shoot camera, or a camera
  set on Auto, to take pictures
• Some of your negatives were dark, or dense,
  others light
• You HAD to make at least one test strip before
  each print, because many prints requires many
  different amounts of light to make a good picture

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If this sounds complicated, dont worry! Click to
the next slide!
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What you talkin bout, Willis?

• In the darkroom, you make a test strip to
  determine the perfect amount of light to make a
  good print, with blacks, whites, and grays in
  between.
• In the camera, there is also a perfect amount of
  light to make a good negative.
• Cameras on automatic are often guessing what
  that right amount of light is.
• Some cameras are better guessers than others.

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Perhaps in beginning, you had some of each of
these types of negatives on a contact sheet.
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An under-exposed negative happens when the film
doesnt get enough light (like when you shoot
your film indoors). You probably needed to use
a high filter to make a good print.
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An over-exposed negative happens when the film
gets too much light. You probably had to make
your lens really bright, and use lots of clicks
to get a good print.
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In Intermediate, we will learn how to make the
negative on the right, and save you time and
effort in the darkroom!
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Exposure

• Exposure means the amount of light that hits the
  film when you press the button- the shutter
  button.

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Exposure

• There are 2 things that control the amount of
  light that hits the film-
• The aperture, or opening of the lens
• The shutter speed, or the amount of time the
  little curtain protecting your film opens for.

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Getting the exposure right
The aperture refers to how wide the lens is open.
Each of the numbers below the opening represents
that size aperture.

• The shutter speed is the amount of time the
  shutter is open for

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Shutter Speed

• Each number on the shutter speed dial represents
  the denominator of a fraction of a second.
• 2000 is 1/2000 of a second
• 4 is 1/4 of a second
• 1 is a whole second

Shutter Speeds also control motion, or how blurry
the picture is. Well get to that later!
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Getting the exposure right

• Aperture and Shutter Speed must work together!

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• To get a good negative, you must adjust your
  settings for the type of light in which you are
  photographing.

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Confused?

• Dont worry! Try your best to understand, and
  well go over this next time I see you.
• In the meantime, see if this guy on the internet
  can explain better.
• Make sure you click on BOTH links!
• Exposure
• Shutter Speed and Aperture