China How they conquered the Population crisis'

1
China- How they conquered the Population crisis.
2
China- the facts.

• China is a developing country with the largest
  population of the world..
• The population is over 1/5 of the world wide
  total, and they sustain themselves on 7 of the
  land.
• Within the country, 94 of the population live on
  40 of the land. That means 4 of the population
  inhabit 60 of the land.

3
China- Background to the Problem.

• High birth rate was the consequence of the state
  philosophy in the 1950s.
• Meanwhile death rates were falling due to
  improved medicine and food availability.
• The rapid industrialisation of the Great Leap
  Forward (1959-61) neglected farming and there
  was a huge famine. 20,000,000 people died.

4
What were the problems?

• The high population meant resources were low.
• Capita of fresh water is ¼ of worlds average.
• 592 of the 2,143 counties in China are poverty
  stricken, with GNP of 43 per capita.

5
(No Transcript)
6
Later, Longer, Fewer.

• In order to Combat the rapidly rising birth rate
  the Chinese government
• Encouraged family planning.
• Encouraged later marriages and fewer children,
  with longer gaps in between children.
• IN 1979 the infamous one child policy was
  introduced.
• The marriageable age for women was set at 20, 22
  for men.
• Couples had to apply for permission to marry and
  have a childit was a hassle.

7
The One child policy

• The one child policy was particularly aimed at
  urban families. Couples living in rural areas
  were not really included in the statistics.
• If both of the couple were in an ethnic minority
  the would be able to have more than one child.
• If the couple complied their child would have a
  free education, housing priority and family
  benefit.
• Those who offended would suffer economic fines
  and consistent offenders would be offered
  sterilisation.

8
Advantages.

• The Birth rate was lowered. Some say the policy
  reduced the population by 250 million
• Resources of the state can be more evenly
  distributed amongst the people.

9
Disadvantages.

• The Chinese preference for males led to massive
  increase in the rate of female infanticide.
• People are now using new technology to discover
  the sex of their unborn child and have their
  females aborted
• Estimates say that tens of millions of couples
  have more than one child but are scared of being
  punished by the authorities.
• The preference for males had lead to an imbalance
  in the numbers of males and females, something
  that will be disastrous for China in the future.

10
Has it achieved its aims?

• Now, in 2003, the policy is still being used
• Annual growth was 1.07 down 0.4 from the rate
  during the 1980s.
• There is serious questions remain over the
  accuracy of the figures. Many do not co-operate
  with the census and many children are hidden.
• The policy brought international criticism on the
  grounds of human rights but luckily the communist
  government are relaxing the policy.

11
China today.

• China took its last census in 2000 and the
  population was 1.26 billion.
• The birth rate is declining but people estimate
  that tens of millions of people have hidden their
  children in order to escape fines.
• Government members have been quoted saying that
  the policy was only supposed to be for a
  generation and so the policy is being relaxed.

12
In Conclusion,

• The one child policy has curbed the population
  explosion to a certain extent.
• But was it really worth the sacrifice of human
  rights and deaths of many many innocent children.