SUDIJANTO KAMSO

1
Aging and Reproductive Health (In Public Health
Perspective)
SUDIJANTO KAMSO
2
INTRODUCTION

• Projected increase of elderly, in
• Indonesia 2020 ? 28,8 million.
• 60 living in Rural, minimum access to health
  care facility
• Consequences related to health, economy, and
  socio-cultural problem.

3
Health Problems in The Aged

• Cardiovascular diseases
• Higher evidence of cancer
• Osteoporosis
• Decline in cognitive function
• Depression in Menopause

4
Declining of Estrogens level in aging and some
CVD risk factors

• Grundy, 1991

5
Burden of Cardiovascular Disease

• If we cant cope now, how will we cope in the
  coming years?
• What can we do to prevent the attack of CV
  disease?
• Are we just delaying the inevitable? Compressing
  morbidity?

6
Cancer in the Elderly

• Risk of cancer increases with age
• Close to 60 of all new cancers and 70 of deaths
  are in elders over 65
• Increases in life expectancy means more older
  adults will experience cancer.

7
Leading Causes of Cancer
Source The Harvard Report on Cancer Prevention
8
Cancer in the Elderly

• Why is it more common?Why are death rates so
  high?
• ?
• Longer duration of carcinogen exposure?
• Reduced participation in cancer screening
  programs ?
• Health care access issues ?
• Nutritional issues ?

9
Osteoporosis

• Prevalence in Indonesia 19,7.
• Five provinces with high risk of osteoporosis
  are South Sumatera (27,7), Central Java
  (24,02), DI Yogyakarta (23,5), North Sumatera
  ( 22,82), East Java (21,42) and East Kalimantan
  (10,5).

10
Osteoporosis

• Risk Factors ?
• Fracture complication
• High cost

11
Decline in cognitive function

• For at least one in every 12 elderly people, the
  decline in cognitive function is so severe, they
  have difficulty performing the normal activities
  of daily living, and eventually, cannot live
  independently
• Severe cognitive impairment may be diagnosed as
  dementia, and about 65 percent of dementia
  patients have Alzheimers disease.

12
Decline in cognitive function

• The loss of cognitive function among older
  foreshadows a potentially enormous social and
  economic burden on individuals, families,
  communities, and the nation

13
Menopause

• Menopause is one of the major areas of concern in
  a womans reproductive health.
• Menopause symptoms are generally discomforting as
  hormonal alterations take place.
• Depression during menopause and the aging years
  is one of the crucial matters concerning
  reproductive health

14
Public Health Aspects

• What factors are associated with a faster or
  slower of each health problem? What are the
  recent trends? The answers to these questions are
  relevant for policymaking in a wide variety of
  areas

15
Public Health Perspective

• More attention to important health issues
  associated with aging population
• Preventive health measures (Health/Nutrition/Lifes
  tyle education)
• Program directed to maintain physical and mental
  health of the aging population

16
What has been done in Faculty of Public
HealthUniversity of Indonesia?
17
To cope with the above problems ?Developed
course, entitledHealth and Reproductive
systemin the aged
18
The topics of the course designed to meet the
following goals

• Students are presented with a comprehensive
  theoretical overview of the field of aging. The
  interdisciplinary and integrative nature of aging
  is emphasized.
• There are opportunities for students to have
  practical or hands-on experiences with older
  adults in the form field visit.  

19
Topic of the course

• Demography of aging
• Declining of reproductive function in aging
• Diseases related to hormonal change in aging
• Cardiovascular diseases in aging
• Cancer in aging
• Decline of cognitive function in aging
• Physical activity and quality of life in aging
• Nutrition in aging

20
Thank You