Perception

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Perception
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Sensation v. Perception

• Sensation
• First awareness of a outside stimulus that
  activates sensory receptors which then in turn
  produce electrical signals then sent to the brain
• Perceptions
• Experience from our brain assembling and
  combining thousands of meaningless sensations
  into a meaningful pattern image. Perceptions are
  our personal interpretations of the real world

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Thresholds

• Just Noticeable Difference
• Smallest /- in the intensity of a stimulus that
  youll notice
• Webers Law
• Increase in intensity of a stimulus needed to
  produce JND grows in proportion to the intensity
  of the initial stimulus.
• Ex-the heavier something is, the heavier the JND
  will be.

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Thresholds

• Absolute Threshold
• Intensity level of a stimulus such that a person
  will have a 50 chance of detecting it
• Subliminal Stimulus
• Intensity that gives a person less than a 50
  chance of detecting the stimulus
• Subliminal message
• Brief auditory or visual message that is
  presented below the absolute threshold
• Self-fulfilling prophecy

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Subliminal Sounds

• Queen, Another One Bites the Dust
• Forward backward
• Backward reversed
• Louis Carroll, The Jabberwocky
• Forward
• Backward backward (short)
• Backward reversed
• Jay-Z??
• Little Nicky
• SAVED BY THE BELL ?!!!

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Gestalt v. Structuralists

• Structuralists
• Add together hundreds of basic elements to form
  complex perceptions
• Gestalt psychologists
• Our brain follows a set of rules that specify how
  individual elements into a meaningful pattern or
  perception
• The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.

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The Rules

• Figure-Ground Rule
• Similarity Rule
• Closure Rule
• Proximity Rule
• Simplicity Rule
• Continuity Rule

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Perceptual Constancy

• Size Constancy
• Shape Constancy

• Brightness Constancy
• Color Constancy

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