Chapter 6 The French Revolutions and Napoleon

1
Chapter 6 The French Revolutions and Napoleon

• Section 4
• The Age of Napoleon Begins

2
Todays Learning Target

• By the end of the period you should have a good
  understanding of how Napoleon came to power.

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Section 4 Focus

• Napoleons early fame was based on military
  victories. After overthrowing the Directory, he
  used clever political maneuvering to become
  emperor. While his new law code reflected
  Enlightenment principles, it also undid some
  revolutionary reforms. Defeating the European
  powers in battle, Napoleon built a vast empire by
  annexing lands, making alliances, and placing
  members of his family on the thrones of Europe.

4
Napoleon Bonaparte

• Popularity rises after victories over the
  Austrians
• Conflict with Britain
• 1799 Coup detat
• The Consulate

5
The Rise of Napoleon

• 1769- Born on the Island of Corsica
• 1785- Becomes officer in French Army
• 1793- Helps capture Toulon from British, promoted
  to brigadier general.
• 1795- Crushes rebels opposed to the National
  Convention.
• 1796-1797- Becomes commander in chief of the army
  of Italy wins victories against Austria.

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The Rise of Napoleon (cont.)

• 1798-1799- Loses to the British in Egypt and
  Syria
• 1799- Overthrows Directory and becomes First
  Consul of France
• 1804- Crowns himself emperor of France.

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Napoleon Becomes Emperor

• 1804 Napoleon crowns himself emperor

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The French RevolutionCause and Effect

• Long-Term Causes
• Corrupt, inconsistent, and insensitive leadership
• Prosperous members of the Third Estate resent
  privileges of the First and Second estates.
• Spread of Enlightenment ideas

• Immediate Causes
• Huge government debt
• Poor harvests and rising price of bread
• Failure of Louis XVI to accept financial reforms
• Formation of National Assembly
• Storming of Bastille

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The French Revolution

• Immediate Effects
• Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
  adopted
• France adopts its first written constitution
• Revolutionary France fights coalition of European
  powers
• Reign of Terror

• Long-Term Effects
• Napoleon gains power
• Napoleonic Codes established
• French public schools set up
• French conquests spread nationalism
• Revolutions occur in Europe and Latin America

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Legacies of the French Revolution

• End of absolutism
• Power of nobles ended
• Peasants became landowners
• Nationalism
• Enlightenment ideals