CHAPTER 2 Properties of Matter

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CHAPTER 2 Properties of Matter
Lecture
Time
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2.1 Classifying Matter
Identify the various properties of matter that
can be used to describe the following materials
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• Pure Substances (a.k.a., simple substance)-
  matter that always has exactly the same
  composition.
• EXAMPLES
• 1. salt
• 2. sugar
• 3. baking soda
• 4. water
• 5. sulfuric acid

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B. Elements a substance that cannot be broken
down into simpler substances - atom the
smallest particle of an element - an element
has a fixed composition because it contains only
one type of atom
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• -Symbols for Elements
• originated in Sweden back in 1813
• each symbol has only 1 or 2 letters
• many are based on Latin names
• Iron ___ Lead ___ Gold ___
• Silver ___ Sodium ___ Mercury ___
• Tin ___ Potassium ___ Tungsten ___
• Copper ___

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C. Compounds substances that are made from two
or more simpler substances and can be broken down
into those simpler substance. - the simpler
substances are either atoms or other
compounds - a compound always contains two or
more elements joined in a fixed
proportion EXAMPLES water _______ table sugar
________ Ozone _______ table salt _________
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• D. Mixtures - the product of a mechanical
  blending or mixing of chemical substances like
  elements and compounds, without chemical bonding
  or other chemical change, so that each ingredient
  substance retains its own chemical properties and
  makeup
• EXAMPLES
• salsa
• salad dressing
• kool-aid
• atmosphere

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-Heterogeneous Mixtures the parts of the mixture
are noticeably different from one
another EXAMPLES 1. beach sand 2. oil and
water 3. dirt
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-Homogeneous Mixtures the substances are so
evenly distributed that it is difficult to
distinguish one substance in the mixture from
another EXAMPLES 1. pool water 2. steel
spoon 3. air
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E. Solutions, Suspensions, and Colloids based
on the size of the largest particles, a mixture
can be classified as a solution, a suspension, or
a colloid - Solutions when substances dissolve
and form a homogeneous mixture EXAMPLES 1.
windshield wiper fluid 2. sugar water 3. tap water
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- Suspensions a heterogeneous mixture that
separates into layers over time EXAMPLES 1.
muddy water 2. polluted air 3. shake well
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- Colloids contains some particles that are
intermediate in size between the small particles
in a solution and the larger particles in a
suspension EXAMPLES 1. milk 2. fog 3. polymers