Organelles Structure

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OrganellesStructure Function

• Part II

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Mitochondrion

• Mitochondria (plural) is a membrane bound oval
  shaped organelle that function as the cells
  power plant.
• Creates the energy rich molecule called ATP
  (Adenosine Triphosphate).
• ATP is created through a process called Cellular
  Respiration which requires oxygen and therefore
  is an Aerobic process

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Cellular Respiration

• C6H12O6 6O2 enzyme 6CO2
  6H2O 36 ATP
• Only eukaryotic cells have mitochondria.
• The Cristae (inner membrane with finger-like
  projections) have
• enzymes attached to them where cellular
  respiration occurs.
• Mitochondria have their own DNA different from
  that
• of the nucleus. Biologists believe that a
  bacteria got
• trapped inside the early cell and evolved into
  this
• energy producing organelle. This mitochondrial
  DNA
• is very similar to bacterial DNA !

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How do prokaryotic cells make ATP?

• They rely on a process called Fermentation.
• Fermentation is a simple Anaerobic (no O2)
  process that partially breaks down glucose to
  make SOME ATP.
• Example Lactic Acid Fermentation which bacteria
  and humans perform.
• Glucose Enzyme Lactic Acid 2
  ATP

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Chloroplast

• Found only in plant cells.
• Contain the green pigment chlorophyll.
• They are involved with the process of
  Photosynthesis which takes place within these
  Thylakoid Membranes.

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Photosynthesis

• 6CO2 6H2O sun light C6H12O6 6O2
• The glucose created from photosynthesis can
  now be broken down through Cellular Respiration
  to make 36 ATP.
• Chloroplasts also have their own DNA ?

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Plant Cell
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Nuclear envelope
Ribosome (free)
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome (attached)
Cell wall
Golgi apparatus
Cell membrane
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Vacuole
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Animal Cell
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Ribosome (free)
Nuclear envelope
Cell membrane
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome (attached)
Centrioles
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
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Plant Animal CellSimulation

• Click on the title above and work through the
  plant and animal cell simulation.

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Animal Cell Matching Activity

• Click on the title above and it will lead you to
  the animal cell website.
• Click on the start activity icon and let the
  fun start!

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Whats The Difference?
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