Chapter 16 Population and Urbanization

1
Chapter 16 Population and Urbanization

• By Christina Jimenez
• Kristen Imperial
• Caitlin Cooper
• Andrea Villamar
• Period 3 Sociology
• Mr. Schumacher

2
The Dynamics of Demography

• Demography is the scientific study of population
• Demographers analyze 3 processes birth
  (fertility), death (mortality) and movement from
  one place to another (migration).
• Fertility measures the actual number of children
  born to a woman.
• The crude birthrate annual number of live
  births per one thousands members of a population
• Mortality refers to death and to analyze
  patterns of it within a population, sociologists
  look at life span and life expectance.
• Migration refers to the movement of people from
  one geographic area to another

3
World Population

• Rapid world population growth has actually
  reached a turning point today
• Census regularly occurring count of a
  particular population
• Doubling time number of years needed to double
  the base population size
• Population follows the principle of exponentional
  growth and increases geometrically. The amount of
  increase is greater each time period even though
  the rate of increase remains the same. This is
  because each increase is added to the base amount
  and becomes part of the calculation for the next
  rise.
• If a population is growing at 1 percent per year,
  it takes seventy years to double
• Population control refers to the conscious
  attempt to regulate population size through
  national birth control programs
• Family Planning voluntary use of population
  control methods
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?v4BbkQiQyaYcfeature
  PlayListp8F2D92513761AA23index0

4
The Urban Transition

• Urbanization the process by which an
  increasingly larger portion of the worlds
  population lives in or very near to cities.
  Urbanization has been so common that it is now
  taken for granted in many parts of the world .
• Cities tend to attract four basic types of
  people elites, functionaries, craftspeople, and
  the poor
• Overurbanization- a situation in which a city
  cannot supply adequate jobs and housing for its
  inhabitants.
• With overurbanization, people are pushed out of
  their villages because expanding rural
  populations cannot be supported by the existing
  agricultural economy and they are forced to
  migrate somewhere else
• Suburbanization- loss of population of a city to
  surrounding areas
• Central city dilemma- concentration of people in
  a need of public services without tax base
  generated money to provide for them.
• Edge city- a suburban unit specializing in a
  particular economic activity

5
Urban Ecology

• Urban Ecology is the study of relationships
  between humans and their city environments
• There are 4 major theories of city growth
• Concentric Zone Theory describes urban growth
  in terms of circular area that grow from the
  central city outward
• Sector Theory theory that emphasizes the
  importance of transportation routes in the
  process of urban growth
• Multiple Nuclei Theory focuses on specific
  geographic or historical influences on urban
  growth
• Peripheral Theory that emphasizes the growth of
  suburbs around the central city

6
Who did what

• Christina Jimenez and Kristen Imperial
  Powerpoint and Youtube Clip
• Caitlin Cooper Quiz
• Andrea Villamar Activity

7
Work Cited

• http//www.ora.ucr.edu/images/pictures/centers/Fam
  ilyStudies.jpg
• http//www.portlandtribune.com/reuters_graphics/20
  09-03-19T014913Z_01_BTRE52I052500_RTROPTP_2_USREPO
  RT-US-BIRTHS-USA.JPG
• http//research.biology.arizona.edu/mosquito/willo
  tt/323/project/population/worldpop2050.gif
• http//www.merolla-eg.com/cities/1216829568_thcair
  o.thumbnail.jpg
• http//www.chinaodysseytours.com/tours/pictures/18
  -days-Tibet-and-Yangtze-River-Adventure/daybyday/j
  iefangbei-chongqing_thumb.jpg
• http//api.ning.com/files/Gm6qTvtxx15klVg1VJ6Vy7l
  I7y4KseD4-Zj9RexGapyPBmMkFYorynY7r-dFne2FZoUKvygd-
  aRXHF6q2MQpipskdfZX5oo/treeplanting_325.jpg.jpeg