Chapter 1 THE NEW NATION

1
Chapter 1THE NEW NATION

• Section 1 Early Exploration and Settlement
• Section 2 The English Colonies
• Section 3 Independence!
• Section 4 Founding the Nation

2
Objectives
Section 4 Founding the Nation

• What ideas influenced the writing of the state
  constitutions?
• How did the U.S. government work under the
  Articles of Confederation?
• What domestic and foreign problems did the new
  nation face?
• What compromises did delegates make in drafting
  the Constitution, and how was the document
  ratified?

3
Influences on the state constitutions
Section 4 Founding the Nation

• Magna Carta
• English Bill of Rights
• republicanism
• natural rights

4
Federal government under the Articles of
Confederation
Section 4 Founding the Nation

• had to print paper money to pay debts, which
  helped cause depression
• could not respond to harmful British trade
  policies because had no power to handle
  international trade
• had to have consent of all 13 states to change
  Articles of Confederation

5
Domestic problems of the new nation
Section 4 Founding the Nation

• federal debt
• land disputes
• economic depression
• farmers protests

6
Foreign problems of the new nation
Section 4 Founding the Nation

• closure of British markets
• inability to pay back foreign debt

7
Constitutional compromises
Section 4 Founding the Nation

• The Great Compromise gave each state an equal
  voice in the upper house and representation by
  population in the lower house.
• The Three-Fifths Compromise counted three-fifths
  of a states slave population in determining that
  states representation.
• The Commerce Compromises allowed Congress to levy
  tariffs on imports, but not exports, and allowed
  the importation of slaves until the end of 1807.

8
Ratification of Constitution
Section 4 Founding the Nation

• Antifederalists objected to strong central
  government and nondemocratic election procedures.
• Federalists responded with essays and promised to
  support inclusion of a Bill of Rights.