Spread of Islam

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Paul
Jesus Christ
Muhammad
Agriculture
Constantine
Roman Empire
Monotheism
Mecca
Sunni
Koran
Battle of Tours
Jerusalem
New Testament
Allah
5 Pillars
Abbasid Empire
Christianity
Islam
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Umayyad Empire
Abbasid Empire
Battle of Tours
Monotheism
Damascus
Shia
Sunni
Jerusalem
Cultural Diffusion
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SOL WHI.8BEssential Questions!

• How did political and cultural geography
  facilitate trade and cultural activity in the
  early Islamic lands?
• What were some major historical turning points
  that marked the spread and influence of Islamic
  civilization?

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Islamic History
Umayyad Empire
Muhammads death
Battle of Tours
Sunni-Shiia division
Capture of Jerusalem
Abbasid Empire
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Spread of Islam

• 632-1200s

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Rightly Guided Caliphs

• First four successors of Muhammad
• Known as caliphs or successor
• Abu-Bakr,Umar, Uthman, Ali
• All knew Muhammad
• Spread Islam from edge of India to Spain and
  North West Africa by 750

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Reasons for Success

• Highly disciplined armies
• Strong faith
• Weakened Byzantine and Persian Empires always
  fighting each other
• Some viewed them as liberators

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Treatment of Conquered People

• Unlike the Byzantines and Persians, the Muslims
  did not force people to convert to their religion
  (Islam)
• Christians and Jews were respected as people of
  the book

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Split in Islam

• In 661-Ali-son-in-law of Muhammad was
  assassinated and Umayyads took over
• Shia or Shiite-believed caliph must be directly
  related to Muhammad-minority

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Continued..

• Sunni-caliph did not have to be directly related
  to Muhammad-accepted Umayyad rule
• Sufi-lived life of poverty and devotion

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First Empires

• IN 661 the Umayyads became the ruling family in
  Muslim territories
• In 750-Abbasids kick Umayyads out and stay in
  power until 1258-move capital to Baghdad

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3 Big turning points in Islam

• Split of Sunni/Shiia
• Conquering Jerusalem and Damascus
• Defeat at Battle of Tours in modern day France

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Battle of Tours
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Understanding 1

• Between 622-750 Muslim rule spread quickly, by
  way of conquest and trade. The Muslim Empire was
  unified by its religion and language-Arabic

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