World War I Happy Thursday

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World War IHappy Thursday
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Conditions in Europe in early 1900s

• Ripe with nationalism(Germany and Italy brimming
  with pride)
• France steamed over the Franco-Prussian War
  defeat
• Russia sponsoring a movement of all Slavic
  countries
• Balkans are a ticking time bomb
• Secret, entangling, alliances

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Excitement for war

• People from all sides rush to enlist in their
  respective armies
• artwork depicts fervor
• Professionals and college students drop
  everything to enlist

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Balkans

• June 28, 1914 -- Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand of
  Serbia and his wife Sophia make plans to be in
  parade in Bosnian capital, Sarajevo.
• Bosnia, on June 28, 1912, had won its
  independence from the Ottoman Empire that had
  controlled it since 1389, but Austro-Hungary had
  tried to control it.

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Assassination planned

• A nationalist, terrorist-esque group called the
  Black Hand make plans to kill the Arch Duke and
  his wife during the parade
• After crazy chain of events and coincidences, 19
  year-old Garilo Princip, assassinates Franz
  Ferdinand and his wife.

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News Hits!!! Incredible chain of events ensue

• Austria demands that Serbia crack down on all
  anti-Austria behavior -- Serbia refuses
• Austria declares war on Serbia.
• Germany gives Austria a blank check support.
• Russia asks Austria to back down in support of
  its, Slavic neighbor.

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• Austria refuses, Russia begins to mobilize for
  war
• Germany declares war on Russia
• Russia turns to France and asks for help--France
  grants Russia a blank check
• Germany declares war on France
• Italy and Great Britain are neutral for the time
  being.

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Meanwhile, back at the ranch...

• Back in Germany, General Alfred von Schlieffen
  had devised a plan (just in case), to avoid a
  two-front war.
• Von Schlieffen Plan go through Belgium, around
  Frances front line, and quickly take control of
  France before the backwards Russia could
  mobilize.
• August 3, 1914 -- Germany invades Belgium and
  Great Britain declares war on Germany

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Trench Warfare

• Germans race through Belgium, (despite a treaty
  to honor its neutrality), and into France
• Russia mobilizes and quickly wins a few small
  victories in East Prussia.
• Germany pulls troops from France to defend its
  backside.
• Trenches are dug between France and Germany that
  will barely move over the course of four ugly
  years.

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• 1800s strategy takes on 20th century technology.
• The result is carnage never seen before.

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Trench warfare
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Desolation of battle fields
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Hole from exploded mines in 1916, Battle of the
Somme
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