1775-1815

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1775-1815
A Terrible Time
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The Thirteen Colonies of the United States

• Were British colonies in North America.
• Divided into 3 groups
• New England- New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode
  Island, Connecticut
• Middle Colonies- New York, New Jersey,
  Pennsylvania, Delaware
• Southern Colonies-Maryland, Virginia, North and
  South California, Georgia

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1774 Sugar Act

• English try to make people buy English products
  (Sugar, molasses)
• French products had taxes put on them to make
  more expensive
• Caused difficulty to markets (reduced where they
  could sell products)
• Reduced amount of money they could spend on other
  goods

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1765 Stamp Act

• Legal documents, newspapers, deeds, mortgage
• Purpose was to support the army
• Merchants boycotted the British goods because of
  the law
• Tax collectors were terrorized
• In 1766 the stamp act was withdrawn

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1767 Townshend Act

• Taxes were placed on glass, silk , paper, paint
  and lead .
• The sale of British goods felled by almost 2/3
• In 1770 the taxes were dropped on everything but
  tea

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1773 Tea Act

• The east Indian company was given the right to
  sell tea
• Ships of the Indians were refused admittance
• At the Boston tea party 3 shiploads of tea was
  destroyed
• Boston was closed to all shipping until the tea
  was paid.

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1774 The Intolerable Acts

• Boston closed to all shipping until all the
  destroyed tea was paid for.
• Public meetings forbidden, 4000 British troops
  stationed
• Quebec act gave control of the Ohio territory,
  the largest piece of land in North America

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Taxation Without Representation

• Between 1763-1775 the Thirteen Colonies were
  taxed by the British government after the war
• There was no representatives in the thirteen
  colonies to speak on their behalf, and they could
  not elect any
• The people of the thirteen colonies were very
  angry at this decision made by the British
• The funds from the taxes were used to support the
  armies and fortresses for the British
• This was a pointless waste of money, because they
  war had already ended

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Why are the following events/concept important to
Canadas upcoming Nationhood?
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American Revolution and the Refugees

• in 1775 protests became armed fights
• Thirteen companies invaded Quebec on New Years
  Eve
• General Ben Franklin and Montgomery
• People of Nova Scotia did not join the revolution

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The Constitutional Act of 1791

• Gave the people of Upper and Lower Canada Their
  own Legislative Assemblies and representative
  government
• Aim was to recognize the bicultural nature of
  Quebec by dividing it into 2 coloniesUpper and
  Lower Canada
• Each got its own laws and systems of government
• Upper Canada to have its own English civil law
  and criminal law

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Loyalists (Tories)

• They were loyal to Britain
• Businesses were destroyed and homes taken away by
  Patriots. Even after treaty of Paris this still
  continued
• The arrival of the loyalists created 2 new
  colonies. Brunswick formed from part of nova
  Scotia and Quebec was split into upper and lower
  Canada
• Most Iroquois were loyalists
• British government protected loyalists

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British Colony of New Brunswick

• Nova Scotia split into two colonies of Nova
  Scotia and New Brunswick
• Loyalists had all lot of reasons for two colonies
• made Representative government
• First Legislature met in 1788

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Migration Northward

• Loyalists or Tories left from the Thirteen
  colonies
• Traveled to Canada, Britain, and the West Indies
• They left because of the disagreements with the
  patriots that the British should be overthrown
• This caused new settlements all over Canada

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The War Of 1812

• June 18, 1812 United States Declare war on
  Britain
• War started as part of ongoing conflict between
  Britain and America
• Britain Seized American Ships
• Americans try to take over Canada
• Canada fight of Americans
• War of 1812 made Canadians Feel more individual
• Canada become more close to Britain

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Captain James Cook

• James Cook was a English explorer, navigator and
  cartographer.
• Made three voyages to the Pacific Ocean achieving
  the first European contact with the eastern
  coastline.
• Was the first to map Newfoundland
• Joined the royal navy in 1775

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Captain George Vancouver

• Was an officer for the Royal Navy
• Was best known for his exploration of North
  America including the pacific along British
  Colombia

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Simon Fraser

• Was a fur trader and explorer who explored most
  of what is now British Colombia
• Was employed by the North West Company
• He had been put in charge of all the trading
  posts west of the Rocky Mountains

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David Thompson

• Was born in London, England, on April 30 1770
• In 1786 he journeyed inland along the North
  Saskatchewan River to Manchester House