Organic Hydrocarbons

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Welcome!!
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• http//carmelhighschool.net/
• ?Faculty?Selected Staff Websites?Kundrat,
  Virginia
• OR
• http//www.ccs.k12.in.us/
• chsteachers/vkundrat/

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  your new homework following an absence.

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• grade is D or lower, come in for help!

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• No lab, no credit.

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Organic

• pertaining to carbon compounds

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Organic Molecules

• carbon compounds with these exceptions
• no carbon oxides
• no carbonate ions
• no cyanide ions
• no carbon disulfide

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Organic Compounds

• insoluble in water
• low melting points boiling points
• decompose easily
• combustible

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Organic or Inorganic?

• CaCO3
• CH4
• CH3CH3
• CO2

• NH3
• C6H12O6
• CO
• CH3OH

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Hydrocarbons

• molecules made up of hydrogen and carbon.
• Fossil fuels

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• Molecular Formula shows numbers of atoms
• Empirical Formula shows ratio of atoms
• Structural Formula shows locationof atoms

C4H8
CH2
H H H H-C-C-CC-H H H H
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Condensed Structural Formula

• Lists H after the C atom it is bonded to.
• Only carbon to carbon bonds are drawn.

CH3-CH2-CHCH2
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of Carbons in Chain

• meth- 1
• eth- 2
• prop- 3
• but- 4
• pent- 5

• hex- 6
• hept- 7
• oct- 8
• non- 9
• dec- 10

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Alkane

• a hydrocarbon containing only single bonds

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Names of Alkanes

• Root prefix for of carbons in chain
• Suffix -ane

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Name the Alkanes

• CH4
• CH3-CH2-CH3
• CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3

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Alkane General Formula

• CnH2n2
• H atoms
• 2 ( C atoms) 2

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Saturated

• hydrocarbon chain containing as many hydrogens
  as it can hold
• an alkane

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Alkene

• a hydrocarbon containing at least one double
  bond.
• Name ends with ene

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Alkyne

• a hydrocarbon containing at least one triple
  bond.
• Name ends with yne

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Name these

• CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3
• CH3-CHCH-CH3
• CH3-CH2-CCH
• CH3-CH2-CHCH-CH2-CH3

butane
butene
butyne
3-hexene
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• CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

octane
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Branched Hydrocarbons

• a carbon atom bonded to three or four
  carbonatoms

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Branched Hydrocarbons Names

• 1. Name the longest carbon chain (called the
  parent chain)

CH3 CH3-CH -CH3
propane
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Branched Hydrocarbons Names

• 2. Name the short branches using the suffix
  -yl. (meth- becomes methyl)

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Branched Hydrocarbons Names

• 3. Number the carbons on the parent chain,
  starting with end closest to branch(es).

CH3 CH3-CH -CH3
1 2 3
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Branched HC. Names

• 4. Put together
• of carbon with branch
• -branch name
• Parent chain name

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Review 1

• Alkane
• Alkene
• Alkyne

single bonds
double bonds
triple bonds
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Review 2

• Name the compound represented by the following
  condensed structural formula

CH3 CH3-CH2-CH -CH3
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Answer

• 2-methylbutane

CH3 CH3-CH2-CH -CH3
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Review 3

• Name the compound represented by this condensed
  structural formula

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Answer

• 3,5,5-trimethyl-3-heptene

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Review 4

• Draw a condensed structural formula for
  3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-1-hexyne

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Answer

• 3,3,4,4-tetramethyl-1-hexyne

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Lab questions

• 1. a)Write your observations for steps 34.
• b) Can ethyne be used as a fuel? Why?
• 2. Based on step 5, how does ethynes density
  compare to airs density?
• 3. The reaction of CaC2 with water yields two
  product, one is ethyne (C2H2). Write a balanced
  chemical equation to determine the other product.