Integrating Brownfields and Eco-Industrial Development

1
Integrating Brownfields and Eco-Industrial
Development

• Presented by
• Dion Jackson, Project Manager
• The National Center
• for Eco-Industrial Development

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Outline

• The National Center for Eco-Industrial
  Development
• What is Eco-Industrial Development?
• Industrial Ecology
• Eco-Industrial Parks
• Environmentally Benign Engineering
• Integrating Brownfields and Eco-Industrial
  Development

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The National Center for Eco-Industrial
Development

• Grew out of the partnership between Leonard
  Mitchell and Ed Cohen-Rosenthal
• University of Southern California
• Cornell University
• to develop tools to expand the development of
  eco-industrial parks through-out the United
  States
• Funded by the Economic Development
  Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce and
  the Environmental Protection Agency

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What is Eco-Industrial Development?

• The creation of job opportunities through
  industrial expansion, especially in economically
  distressed communities, by applying principles of
  industrial ecology, establishing eco-industrial
  parks, and expanding use of environmentally
  benign manufacturing processes and techniques.

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Industrial Ecology

• "One of the most important concepts of industrial
  ecology is that, like the biological system, it
  rejects the concept of waste."
• - Industrial Ecology (Graedel and Allenby,
  Prentice Hall, 1994)

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Eco-Industrial Park

• An industrial park that is designed to increase
  the economic return at the same time it decreases
  its ecological impact.
• Models in use
• By-Product Synergy
• Resource Recovery Park
• Green Technology Park
• Application of Eco-Industrial Strategies
• Resource Circulating Economy

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By-Product Exchange
Scrap Wood
Sawdust
Furniture Factory
Particle Board Factory
Recycled Paper Manufacturer
WastePaper
Municipal Recovery Facility
Aquaculture
Biomass
Steam
Steam
Cogeneration Facility
Ethanol Production
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By-Product Exchange

• Ethanol
• By-Products
• Lignin
• Gypsum
• Yeast

Ethanol Plant
Potential Exchange Partners Wallboard
Manufacturer Animal Feed Manufacturer
Major Inputs
Agricultural residues or Wood wastes Sulfuric
Acid Steam
from a Cogeneration Facility
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Industrial Symbiosis Kalundborg, Denmark
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Eco-Industrial Park

• An industrial park developed through the
  application of eco-industrial strategies such as
• Waste Heat Recovery
• Cogeneration
• By-Product Exchange
• Green Building Development
• Creation of New Eco-Industrial Industries and
  Businesses

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Integrating Brownfields and Eco-Industrial
Development
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Strategies to Integrate Remediation

• Remediation Recovery Network
• Eco-Industrial Feedstock
• Integrated System of Remediation and
  Eco-Industrial Development

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Case Studies Linking Remediation to Brownfields

• 1) Stabilization of contamination and site
  redevelopment
• 2) Adaptation of biofilter remediation technology
  to perform industrial pollution control
• 3) Eco-Industrial based redevelopment

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Site Remediation

• Selection of a site depends on physical and
  chemical properties of contaminants at the site.
  
• Particularly, at this site, contaminated soil
  will be first treated by bioremediation to remove
  organics and then by solidification to reduce the
  leachability of metal contamination.

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Benefits in Redeveloping the Site

• Health benefits from the removal of VOCs from
  the soil and the chemical reduction of chromium.
• Cost savings by eliminating the need for any
  off-site transportation and landfill costs.
• Elimination of liability issues associated with
  off-site disposal.
• Cost benefits due to the stabilization of metal
  contaminants providing a low life cycle cost in
  other treatment scenarios.

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Integrating Biofiltration for Remediation and
Redevelopment

• An attractive alternative because of its low
  costs, inherent simplicity, and lack of secondary
  wastes.
• An advantage of using biofilters is that the
  undesirable compound is broken down biologically
  and destroyed rather than being transferred to
  another media.

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Site Remediation

• Biofilters- break down hazardous
• contaminants into harmless products
• Extremely cost effective
• Under proper conditions, can convert virtually
  all relevant contaminants to harmless products.
• Most effectively used to treat nonhalogenated
  VOCs and fuel hydrocarbons.

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Integration with Industrial Site Redevelopment

• Biofilter can be used as a VOC control device for
  a single firm or as a shared technology that
  provides air pollution control services for a
  number of firms on the site.
• Refer to Box 8
• Economic feasibility and regulatory permit
  requirements must be considered when evaluating
  biofiltration for commercial pollution control.

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Eco-Industrial based Redevelopment- Integrating
Technology and Design

• Of the 450,000 brownfields sites in the US,
  roughly 200,000 sites contain abandoned
  underground storage tanks or are impacted by
  petroleum leaks.
• USTfields address such situations
• New brownfields legislation includes 3 new areas
  land contaminated by petroleum products, land
  contaminated by a controlled substance, and
  authorizes up to 200 million per year for
  brownfields assessment and cleanup.

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Site Remediation- Petroleum Sites

• Reclaiming petroleum-contaminated properties can
  return the land to productive use, create private
  or public investment in redevelopment and
  job-producing businesses, and renew valuable
  space within local communities.

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Site Remediation- Avoiding Remediation Through
Design

• A more environmentally and economically effective
  strategy would be to to prevent the future need
  for remediation.
• Using less material in the production process,
  being more energy efficient, handling
  manufacturing processes more responsibly, and
  creating durable goods can reduce remediation
  costs while creating competitive advantage in the
  marketplace.
• EIP creates a community of manufacturing and
  service businesses located together in a common
  site.

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Next Steps in Integrating Brownfield Remediation
and Eco-Industrial Development

• New opportunities to apply successfully link
  remediation and site design include urban sprawl,
  outmigration from center cities, and the degraded
  landscapes left behind by the transition from an
  urban industrial economy to a suburban service
  economy.

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Presented by The National Center for
Eco-Industrial Development
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Brownfield Remediation and Eco-Industrial
Development

• EID provides a framework for potential brownfield
  reuse and redevelopment to bring about economic
  development for the local community.
• Development occurs through the recruiting of
  clean industries that place contaminated land
  back into more productive economic use.
• Eco-Industrial strategy is to attract clean
  businesses by drawing on urban advantages such as
  market and customer access, nearby labor pools,
  transportation access and feedstock supplies to
  feed an eco-industrial strategy.

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• The Mission of the National Center for
  Eco-industrial Development is to facilitate job
  creation and sustainable industrial expansion in
  distressed communities around
• the nation by applying principles of industrial
  ecology establishing eco-industrial parks, and
  expanding use of environmentally benign
  manufacturing processes and techniques.

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Eco-Industrial Parks

• " By collectively managing environmental and
  energy issues, Eco-industrial park members can
  enhance their environmental and economic
  performance and, as a result, achieve a combined
  benefit that is greater than the benefits each
  company would realize from optimizing only it's
  individual performance."
• ECO-EFFICIENCY TASK FORCE REPORT, U.S.
  PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT,
  1996

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Eco-Industrial Park

• An industrial park developed through the
  application of eco-industrial strategies such as
• Waste Heat Recovery

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Cogeneration

• Natural GasgtgtgtgtgtTurbine gtgtgtgtgtElectricity
• PLUS Capture of heat for industrial processes or
  for district heating or to generate more
  electricity

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Eco-Industrial Park

• An industrial park developed through the
  application of eco-industrial strategies such as
• Waste Heat Recovery
• Cogeneration
• By-Product Exchange
• Green Building Development

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Example of Eco-Industrial Development

• Riverside Eco-Park in Burlington, Vermont
• Jobs Generated 422
• Costs Saved
• 1,925,000 per year
• Municipal Solid Waste Avoided
• 32 tons per year
• Waste Energy Recaptured
• 111,600 BTUs per year

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Economic Benefits for Companies

• Cost Savings Enhanced Competitiveness
• Revenue Generation
• Improved Opportunities for Investment
• Access to New Technology
• Improved Human Resources

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Community Economic Benefits

• Improved Business Attraction, Expansion,
  Retention
• Local Import Substitution
• Brownfield Redevelopment
• Reduced Infrastructure Development Costs
• Improved Quality of Life

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Environmental Benefits

• Reduced Greenhouse Gas Emissions
• Reduced Air Emissions Improved Community Health
• Promotion of Pollution Prevention the 4 Rs
  (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover)
• Improved Resource Conservation
• Promotion of Green Technology
• Increased Environmental Awareness
• Regeneration of Green Space

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MethodologyEnvironmental And Public Health
Threats

• Identified common Southern California industries
• Identified chemicals typically found at
  brownfields sites formerly occupied by those
  industries
• Summarized human health hazards for identified
  chemicals based on long-term exposures to low
  levels of contaminants.