THE AXIAL MUSCLES HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 (BSC 2085 L) LABORATORY MANUAL (ROMER, PINO, POPE) CHAPTER 6 MARTINI, ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 7TH EDITION, CHAPTER 11

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THE AXIAL MUSCLESHUMAN ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY 1 (BSC 2085 L)LABORATORY MANUAL
(ROMER, PINO, POPE) CHAPTER 6MARTINI, ANATOMY
AND PHYSIOLOGY 7TH EDITION, CHAPTER 11
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PRESENTATION CREATED BY ALFONSO A. PINO.
MD.COLLABORATORPROFESSOR NIDIA ROMER.
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NOTE

• THIS IS A STUDY GUIDE, NOT AN ALL INCLUSIVE
  REVIEW.
• THERE MIGHT BE THINGS NOT COVERED BY THIS STUDY
  GUIDE THAT MIGHT BE ASKED IN YOUR PRACTICUMS /
• QUIZZES.
• STUDENTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR READING THEIR
  TEXBOOK (S) AND FOR ALL THE MATERIAL COVERED
  DURING THE LABORATORY PERIOD, AS PER THE COURSE
  SYLLABUS

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• Muscles of head neck
• Muscles of the pectoral girdle (anterior view)
• Muscles that move arms
• Muscles of the respiration
• Muscles of the abdomen
• Muscles of the pectoral girdle (posterior view)
• Muscles of the vertebral column

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HEAD NECK

• SCALP- FRONTALIS- TO RISE EYEBROWS
• 
  TO WRINKLE FOREHEAD
• 
  
• OCCIPITALIS- TO TENSE
  TO RETRACT THE SCALP
• 
  
• EYE- ORBICULARIS OCCULI- TO CLOSE THE EYE

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MARTINI PG 337
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• MOUTH-
• ZYGOMATICUS- MINOR (TOP) MAYOR (BOTTOM)
• F- TO RETRACT TO ELEVATE
  CORNER OF THE MOUTH
• 
  
  (SEE MANDIBLE)
• RISORIUS- TO DRAW THE CORNER OF THE MOUTH
  TO THE SIDE
• 
  
• DEPRESSOR ANGULI ORIS (TRIANGULARIS)-
• 
  F- TO DEPRESS CORNER OF THE MOUTH
• ORBICULARIS ORIS- TO COMPRESS TO PURSE
  THE LIPS
• MENTALIS- TO ELEVATE TO PROTRUDE LOWER
  LIP
• BUCCINATOR- TO COMPRESS CHEEKS

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• MASTICATION-
• MASSETER- TO ELEVATE MANDIBLE (SEE
  MANDIBLE)
• 
  
• TEMPORALIS- TO ELEVATE MANDIBLE
• PTERIGOID MEDIAL- TO ELEVATE
  MANDIBLE
• 
  TO CLOSE THE JAW. (SEE MANDIBLE)
• PTERIGOID LATERAL- TO OPEN THE
  MOUTH TO PROTRUDE
• 
  THE MANDIBLE. (SEE MANDIBLE)

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MARTINI PG340
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• NECK
• PLATISMA- TO TENSE THE SKIN OF NECK
  TO DEPRESS
• 
  
  THE MANDIBLE
• STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID-
• TOGETHER- TO
  FLEX THE NECK
• ALONE- TO
  BEND THE HEAD TOWARD SHOULDER
• 
  TO TURN FACE TO OPPOSITE SIDE

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MUSCLES OF THE PECTORAL GIRDLEANTERIOR VIEW

• SERRATUS ANTERIOR- TO PROTRACT SHOULDER
• TO ROTATE
  THE SCAPULA (UPWARD ROTATION)
• PECTORALIS MINOR- TO DEPRESS PROTRACT
• 
  SCAPULA (SHOULDER)
• DELTOID- TO ABDUCT THE ARM
• PECTORALIS- MAJOR- TO FLEX TO ADDUCT THE ARM
• 
  MEDIAL ROTATION OF SHOULDER

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MARTINI PG 352
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• RESPIRATION
• DIAPHRAGM- MAJOR MUSCLE OF RESPIRATION
• EXPANDS
  THORACIC CAVITY TO CAUSE BREATHING
• IT SEPARATES
  THE THORACIC AND
• 
  ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITIES
• INTERCOSTAL EXTERNAL- TO ELEVATE RIBS DURING
  INHALATION
• INTERCOSTAL INTERNAL- TO DEPRESS RIBS
  DURING FORCED
• 
  
  EXHALATION

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MARTINI PG 353
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MARTINI PG 346
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• ABDOMEN
• RECTUS ABDOMINIS- TO FLEX VERTEBRAL COLUMN
  
  
• TO
  DEPRESS RIBS
• EXTERNAL OBLIQUE- TO FLEX SPINE TO
  COMPRESS ABDOMEN
• TO
  DEPRESS RIBS
• INTERNAL OBLIQUE- SAME AS ABOVE
• TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS- TO COMPRESS ABDOMEN

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MUSCLES OF THE PELVIC FLOOR

• UROGENITAL DIAPHRAGM
• DEEP TRANSVERSE PERINEAL MUSCLE STABILIZES
  CENTRAL
• 
  TENDON OF
  PERINEUM
• EXTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER CLOSES URETHRA
• PELVIC DIAPHRAGM
• COCCYGEOUS FLEXES COCCYGEAL JOINTS, TENSES
  SUPPORTS
• 
  
  PELVIC FLOOR
• LEVATOR ANI (from external to internal)
• ILEOCOCCYGEOUS TENSES FLOOR OF
  PELVIS, FLEXES
• COCCYGEAL
  JOINTS, ELEVATES RETRACTS ANUS
• PUBOCOCCYGEOUS AS ABOVE
• SUPERFICIAL TRANSVERSE PERINEAL STABILIZES
  CENTRAL TENDON
• 
  
  OF PERINEUM
• EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER CLOSES ANAL OPENING
  

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• MARTINI, Pg- 349

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POSTERIOR VIEW

• PECTORAL GIRDLE
• TRAPEZIUS- TO ELEVATE, DEPRESS RETRACT
  SCAPULA
• TO ROTATE SCAPULA
  UPWARD
• TO ELEVATE
  CLAVICLE TO EXTEND THE NECK
• RHOMBOIDS- (MAJOR MINOR)
• TO ADDUCT SCAPULA
  DOWNWARD ROTATION
• MOVE ARM
• LATISSIMUS DORSI- TO EXTEND, TO ADDUCT
• 
  MEDIAL ROTATION OF SHOULDER
• INFRASPINATUS- LATERAL ROTATION OF
  SHOULDER
• TERES MINOR- SAME AS ABOVE
• TERES MAJOR- TO EXTEND, ADDUCT MEDIAL
  ROTATION
• 
  
  OF SHOULDER
• SUPRASPINATUS- TO ABDUCT THE SHOULDER

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Infraspinatus
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• VERTEBRAL COLUMN
• ERECTOR SPINAE- TO EXTEND THE SPINE
• SPLENIUS CAPITIS- TOGETHER TO EXTEND THE
  NECK
• 
  ALONE- TO ROTATE FLEX THE NECK
• SEMISPINALIS CAPITIS- TOGETHER TO EXTEND
  THE NECK
• 
  ALONE- TO EXTEND FLEX THE NECK

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Infraspinatus
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