DNA Foldable

1
DNA RNA
1) DNA Basics
2) DNA Structure Function
3) DNA Replication
4) RNA Structure Function
5) Comparing DNA RNA
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Organization of DNA inside the cell Cell Nucleu
s Chromosome DNA Genes
(top)
1) DNA Basics

• DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid, and is
  the instructions for
• making proteins.
• DNA is stored in the nucleus. It is wrapped
  tightly around
• proteins called histones to form structures
  called chromosomes.
• DNA contains many genes, each controlling the
  production of
• one protein.

(bottom)
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STRUCTURE of DNA 2) DNA
Structure Function (top)

• Shade or circle the following parts in the given
  color
• Green Phosphate Group
• Red Sugar
• BlueNitrogenous bases
• YellowNucleotide
• Purple Sugar-Phosphate backbone
• DNA has a DOUBLE HELIX shape!!!

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FUNCTION of DNA 2) DNA
Structure Function (bottom)
DNA stores the genetic material. internal code of nitrogenous bases double stranded sugar-phosphate backbone protect the code coiled tightly to allow for more surface area ? meaning more room to store genetic code
DNA passes traits to the next generation. nitrogen bases are complementary A and T pair together G and C pair together weak hydrogen bonds hold bases together- allow for ease during replication
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DNA Replication 3) DNA
Replication (top)

• Color the following in picture 1
• Green Parent Strand
• Yellow Complementary
• Strand

1

• Outline the following in picture 2
• Red Leading
• strand
• Blue Lagging
• strand

2
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3) DNA Replication (bottom)
LEADING STRAND
3. Elongation ?enzyme DNA polymerase reads
template strand and continuously adds new
nucleotides that are complementary to the parent
strand
1. DNA unwinds with help of an enzyme, helicase,
this breaks weak hydrogen bonds between bases
2. The enzyme primase attached to the parent
strand, this helps bind (attach) new nucleotides
4. DNA primers are removed DNA ligase adds
sugars and phosphates in gaps made by fragments
5. DNA Termination
LAGGING STRAND
3. DNA primase adds more primers, DNA is
elongated in short segments (Okazki fragments) by
DNA polymerase.
6. DNA repairs itself
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Types of RNA
4) RNA Structure Function
(top)
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
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4) RNA Structure Function
(top)
Type of RNA Function
mRNA messenger makes a copy of DNA in the nucleus travels from nucleus ? cytoplasm ? ribosome bases in mRNA are read in sets of 3 bases called codons
rRNA ribosomal home of protein synthesis mRNA brings code, tRNA brings amino acids and rRNA puts the two together to make protein
tRNA transfer gathers amino acids travels to the ribosome contains a set of 3 bases in tRNA (anticodon)
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5) Comparing DNA RNA (top)
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5) Comparing DNA RNA (bottom)

• Draw Complete the following Venn Diagram

DNA
RNA