Kein Folientitel

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Teleworking
Possibilities Barriers
By Susi Andriani andriani_at_fh-brandenburg.de
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OVERVIEW
Why ?
Introduction
How many?
Background
Possibilities
Forecast
What ?
Barriers
Example
Who ?
Advantages
Web sites
Where ?
Disadvant.
Conclusion
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Quotation
Sometimes the best transportation policy means
not moving people but moving their work. .....
Millions have already found their productivity
actually increases when they work nearer the
people theyre really working for.... their
families at home President George Bush - March
1990
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The word teleworking
Other word for Teleworking Telecommuting,
remote working working from home
Searched by search engine Altavista
Teleworking 23,973 Web pages
found Telecommuting 52,060 Web pages found
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BACKGROUND
Jack Niles (1972)
The Father of Teleworking/Telecommuting
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BACKGROUND
From Industrial Revolution
Information Revolution
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What is teleworking?
Defined by Jack Niles

• Teleworking
• ANY form of substitution of information
  technologies (such as telecommunications and/or
  computers) for normal work-related travel
• Telecommuting
• that portion of teleworking that applies to the
  daily commute to and from work-a primary source
  of traffic congestion, air pollution and loss of
  productivity in urban areas.

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What is teleworking?
The Roads Traffic Authority NSW (RTA)
....a flexible work opportunity to work for part
of the time at a location away from the usual
work base. The location may be at home, at a
satellite office near home, a mobile office or a
combination of these alternatives
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Who are the teleworkers Which firms ?

• From senior executive to profesional
• From full-time to part time jobs
• From working at home almost full time to
  occasionally spending day at home
• From wholly employed through part employed to
  self-employed

• The firms usually are
• Consultancy
• Computing (software,...)
• Journalism Publishing
• Data Entry
• Design Planning
• Research
• ...and so on

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Where do they work?
Locations of teleworking offices
1. The Teleworkers home
2. The satellite office
3. The mobile office
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WHY TELEWORKING ?
The reasons for teleworking
- Jobs are more portable now
- Changing lifestyles
- Changing travel patterns
- Impact on pollution, energy consumption and
traffic congestion
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Possibilities of teleworking
...... because of Enabling Technology to
2. Sharing Information
1. Transmit Data to and from remote worker
3. Keeping in touch
Source Teleworking Explained, Gray, Hodson,
Gordon, 1993
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Barriers of teleworking

• Difficulties to manage the employee that you can
  not see
• Not trust a teleworkers
• No willingness from the company to establish
  teleworking
• Afraid of social isolation of teleworkers
• Requires some careful planning, attention to
  technology, liability, training and selection of
  teleworkers and telemanagers
• Time spending at home with neighbours, family and
  friends
• Security risks (hackers, virus, bugs etc) ....

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Advantages of teleworking

• Cost saving (reduced overhead travel costs)
• Reduced commuting time
• Flexible working hours
• Improve productivity through flexibility
• Reduced traffic congestion
• Access to work for people with specific
  difficulties (disabled person)
• Reduce total travel and consequent pollution
• ...............

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Disadvantages of teleworking

• Management difficulties
• Loss of face to face contact
• Need skills of new technology again again
• Flexibility (to be able to work during the
  weekend)
• Tremendous disturbing on the private life
• Could course bad effect for healthy (headaches,
  eyes strain, etc)
• ......

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How many teleworkers ?

• Teleworkers in EU countries
• In 1994 1.25 million (survey done by European
  TELDET)
• In 1999 nine million (reported by Teleworking
  Workshop in Dublin, Nov 1999)
• In 2000 around 10 million (estimated by
  European TELDET)

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How many teleworkers ?
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How many teleworkers ?
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Teleworking forecast (Europe)
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Teleworking forecast (US)
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Example case of teleworking
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Example case of teleworking
Mobile teleworking at Hewlett Packard
Kevin Sweeney is head of test and measurement at
HP's Irish operations. He can work from home when
he wants to using a 64 kbit ISDN line installed
by the company, or he can use his laptop and GSM
phone when he's on the road. The main benefit to
Kevin is time saved commuting. "I used to leave
at 6.45 to beat the traffic and get some work
done before the office warmed up. Now I get up
later, see my children before they go to school
and generally feel less stressed". He also
reports fewer distracting interruptions.
Teleworking is part of HP's company philosophy to
teach employees to "work smarter, not longer".
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TELEWORKING WEBSITES

• http//www.jala.com (Jack Niles website)
• http//www.gilgordon.com (Gil Gordon Associate)
• http//www.noelhodson.com
• http//www.teleworking.gr
• http//www.teleworker.com
• http//www.telecommute.org
• http//www.rta.nsw.gov.au
• http//www.eto.org.uk

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CONCLUSIONS

• Teleworking is working at distance from your
  employer, either at home, on the road (mobile) or
  at a locally satellite based centre
• Teleworking possible because of enabling
  technology
• There are some barriers for teleworking
• Teleworking offers advantages and disadvantages
• Number of teleworkers will be increased in the
  future

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THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION !