Diapositiva 1

1
Municipal wastewater purification by
phytotreatment and water recovery
by prof. Paolo Broglio ( M.Sc. Ph.D ) Scientific
Director of Ecologia Applicata Company and
Environmental Director of ESAE
2
PHYTOWATERPURIFICATION

• The PHYTOWATERPURIFICATION is
• A broad and natural method realised by
  designing specific systems in order to reproduce
  a natural auto-depurative processes in a
  monitored environment
• Ideal application up to 100 people
• Possible application up to 500 people

3
PHYTOWATERPURIFICATION
Advantages Low management and maintenance
costs Depurative performances compatible with
traditional plants Low visual impact Disadvantage
s Require considerable space per
inhabitant Depend upon environmental conditions
(temperature, pH)
4
PHYTOWATERPURIFICATION

• Fields of application
• Secondary waste water treatment (biological)
• For all settlements with a population ranging
  between 50 and 2000 people, it is recommended the
  application of natural depuration technologies,
  such as aerobic lagoon or phytopurification
• Tertiary waste water treatment ( water
  improvement)
• such treatments are suitable for settlement
  with a population ranging between 2000 and 25000
  people., even when combined with actived sludge
  or adhesive biomass plants because, after the
  treatment, they refine the final outcome.
• Legislative reference Italian Water Legislative
  Decree 152/06

5
PHYTOWATERPURIFICATION

• Fields of application
• Secondary treatment
  (biological)
• for very small and small
  plants ( from 5 to 100 people )
• Treatment Tertiary (water improvement)
• to reduce impact of medium
  size plants
• ( max 20000
  people).
• Rainwater
• Legislative reference Italian Water Legislative
  Decree 152/99

6
PHYTOWATERPURIFICATION

• 
  The different plants available
• 1 Systems based on surface flux
• For tertiary sector and
  rainwater treatments
• 2 Systems based on horizontal subsurface flux
• 3 Systems based on vertical subsurface flux
• For secondary sector treatments

7
(No Transcript)
8
The different kinds of plants
Horizontal subsurface flux water basin
Secondary wastewater treatment specific surface
needed 3-5 m2/people
9
Example of a small bi-stadium phytodepuration
plant (100 people)
10
(No Transcript)
11
The different kinds of plants
Surface flux water bed (FWS) macrofite emerging
Tertiary treatment (water improvement )
specific surface needed 1-2 m2/people
12
PHYTOWATERPURIFICATION BASED ON A HORIZONTAL
SUBSURFACE FLUX (SFS H) It is a biologic
treatment that employs saturated soil water beds
which are contained in tanks or absorbent trays
where aquatic plants develop. The alimentation
is continuous and the level of the liquid in the
tank is regulated by the siphon system contained
in the exit pit. This system does not allow
removal of nitrogen substances (ammonia). The
depuration process is due to direct action of
the plants that are able to maintain oxygenized
the substrate, absorbing nutrients (nitrites,
phosphates, etc.) They support bacteria and have
also a evapo-transpirant function. Bio-demolisher
bacteria colonise the roots
13
FITODEPURAZIONE A FLUSSO SUB-SUPERFICIALE
ORIZZONTALE SFS - h
PHYTODEPURATION BASED ON A HORIZONTAL SUBSURFACE
FLUX (SFS H)
14
PHYTODEPURATION BASED ON A VERTICAL SUBSURFACE
FLUX (SFS V)Wastewaters to be treated flow
vertically in the absorbent bed and are directed
in tanks with uneven alternate load (through
pumps or siphon systems). The wastewaters flow
impulsively from the surface passing through a
gravel bed (unsaturated zone) and store up at the
bottom of the bed (saturated zone) preventing
this latter zone from being oxygenized, therefore
enabling the denitrification process. Also in
this case, the water level in the tank is
determined by the siphon system installed in the
exit pit.
15
FITODEPURAZIONE A FLUSSO SUB-SUPERFICIALE
VERTICALE SFS - v
PHYTODEPURATION BASED ON A VERTICAL SUBSURFACE
FLUX (SFS V)
16
Associated Phyto Depurative Mechanisms

• The removal of pollutants results from
  biological, physical and chemical processes
• Biological processes cooperation between aquatic
  macrophyte and bacterial colonies dispersed in
  the surrounding environment
• Chemical-physical processes absorbency,
  precipitation, sedimentation, filtration

17
Sub-irrigation scheme
Sub-irrigation length of pipes around 10 m
people -1
Septic pit
Sub-irrigation pipes
18
Subsurface horizontal phytodepuration
19
Absorbent tray used for treating civilian
wastewater coming from isolated houses
20
Subsurface phytowaterpurification (200
people) Imhoff 2 parallel phytos terminal
phyto
21
Tertiary wastewater treatment surface flux
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
(No Transcript)
25
(No Transcript)
26
(No Transcript)
27
Section of a phytowaterpurification basin
(example)
28
(No Transcript)
29
(No Transcript)
30
Phytowaterpurification in closed rooms
31
This is an artificial micro-environment made out
of several tanks filled with water, each with a
different combination of swamp plants, fishes,
snails, fito and zooplankton. The sunlight
filters through the greenhouses roof.
Si tratta di un microambiente artificiale formato
da una serie di vasche riempite con acqua, ognuna
con una combinazione diversa di piante di palude,
pesci, lumache, fito e zooplankton. La luce del
sole giunge attraverso il tetto della serra.
32
(No Transcript)
33
(No Transcript)
34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
Municipal wastewater purification by
phytotreatment and water recovery

• Thank you very much for your attention !
• Headquarter Ecologia Applicata S.r.l.
  Via Porpora, 9
  20131 Milano - Italy
• Phone [phone]
• Fax [phone]
• E-mail info_at_ecologia-applicata.it
  ecologia-applicata_at_iol.it
• Web site www.ecologia-applicata.it