Church Part III

1
Chapter 9

• Church Part III

2
The Great Schism (1378-1417)

• Pope Gregory (1370-1378) moved the papacy in Rome
  1377
• After Gregory, cardinals in Rome elected an
  Italian Pope Urban VI (1378-1389)
• French cardinals were upset
• French king Charles V wanted to keep the papacy
  in France

3
Cont.

• 13 cardinals, all French formed their own
  conclave and elected Pope Clement VII (cousin of
  the French king)
• Said they originally voted for Urban for fear of
  their lives
• England and its allies supported Urban and France
  and its allies supported Clement VII
• Each pope considered himself fully legitimate

4
Church Government

• Conciliar theory council could effectively
  regulate the actions of the pope
• Popes sole purpose was to maintain the unity of
  the church
• People argued the council acted with greater
  authority than the pope

5
Council of Pisa

• On the basis of arguments, cardinals representing
  both popes convened in Pisa
• Deposed both the Roman and the Avignon popes
• Elected a new pope, Alexander V
• Popes in Rome and Avignon refused to step down

6
Council of Constance

• 1414-1417
• Elect a new pope after the 3 contending popes had
  resigned or been removed
• New pope Martin V (1417-1431)

7
Council of Basel (1431-1449)

• 4 requests from the Hussites
• 1. giving the cup as well as bread
• 2. free preaching
• 3. excluding of the clergy from holding secular
  offices and owning property
• 4. punishment of clergy who commit mortal sins
• Council of Basel collapsed in 1449

8
Consequences

• Greater religious responsibility in secular
  governments
• Without effective papal leadership, secular
  control of national churches increased