National Unification in Italy and Germany

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National Unification in Italy and Germany

• HST 112
• Lecture 8
• Ethan Pollock

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Lecture Outline

1. What is a nation?
2. Italian Unification (1858-1861)
3. German Unification (1862-1871)
4. Nationalism as a Divisive Force

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Key Terms

• Risorgimento
• Piedmont-Sardinia
• Mazzini
• Cavour
• Garibaldi
• Victor Emmanuel II
• Habsburg Dynasty (Austria)

• Prussia
• Bismarck
• Junker
• Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871)
• Realpolitik

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I. What is a nation?
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II. Italian Unification (1858-1861)

• Timeline
• 1848 Revolutions in Europe
• 1853-56 Crimean War
• 1859 Piedmont-Sardinia at war with Austria
• 1860 Treaty of Turin
• 1866 Venetia to Italy
• 1871 Papal States to Italy

• Legacy of 1848 Competing Goals
• Possible Sources of Leadership
• Alliances and Warfare
• Garibaldi
• Completion of the Unification

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Mazzini
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Cavour
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II. Italian Unification (1858-1861)

• Timeline
• 1848 Revolutions in Europe
• 1853-56 Crimean War
• 1859 Piedmont-Sardinia at war with Austria
• 1860 Treaty of Turin
• 1866 Venetia to Italy
• 1871 Papal States to Italy

• Legacy of 1848 Competing Goals
• Possible Sources of Leadership
• Alliances and Warfare
• Garibaldi
• Completion of the Unification

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Garibaldi
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III. German Unification (1862-1871)

• Timeline
• 1848 Revolutions in Europe
• 1862 Bismarck appointed Prime Minister
• 1864 Prussia at war with Danes
• 1866 Prussia at war with Austria
• 1870-1871 Franco-Prussian War

• Legacy of 1848 competing goals
• William I and Bismarck
• Prussian Leadership in War
• North German Confederation
• Franco-Prussian War

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III. German Unification (1862-1871)

• Timeline
• 1848 Revolutions in Europe
• 1862 Bismarck appointed Prime Minister
• 1864 Prussia at war with Danes
• 1866 Prussia at war with Austria
• 1870-1871 Franco-Prussian War

• Legacy of 1848 competing goals
• William I and Bismarck
• Prussian Leadership in War
• North German Confederation
• Franco-Prussian War

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Bismarck
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III. German Unification (1862-1871)

• Timeline
• 1848 Revolutions in Europe
• 1862 Bismarck appointed Prime Minister
• 1864 Prussia at war with Danes
• 1866 Prussia at war with Austria
• 1870-1871 Franco-Prussian War

• Legacy of 1848 competing goals
• William I and Bismarck
• Prussian Leadership in War
• North German Confederation
• Franco-Prussian War

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IV. Nationalism as a Divisive Force

• The Austrian Empire
• B. The Ottoman Empire
• C. The Russian Empire
• D. Great Britain, United States, Germany, Italy,
  France