Cold War

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Cold War
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Cold War

• Period of distrust and misunderstanding between
  the Soviet Union and its former allies
  (particularly the U.S.) and began in 1945

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Two Superpowers

• Soviet Union believed a powerful central
  government should control the economy
• United States believed that businesses should
  be privately owned with little government control

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US vs USSR

• Each side thought the other was trying to rule
  the world
• Both countries had the power to influence world
  events
• Other countries around the world took sides
• Became about Communism or capitalism

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After World War II

• Stalin, the leader of the USSR, put most of
  Eastern Europe under communist control
• This becomes the Eastern Bloc

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Iron Curtain

• The division between West Europe and East Europe
  is known as the Iron Curtain

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Division of Germany

• Divided into four sections U.S. , Great
  Britain, France and Soviet Union
• 1948 western countries want to reunite Germany,
  Soviet Union did not
• Soviets declared their section East Germany
• Western countries united Germany to form West
  Germany

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New Alliances Formed

• NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
• United States
• Canada
• United Kingdom
• Western European Countries

• WARSAW PACT
• Soviet Union
• Eastern European Countries

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Berlin Wall

• 1961 Communist leaders built the Berlin Wall
• Built to keep two areas apart and keep people in
  East Germany and out of West Germany
• Anyone who tried to cross the wall would be shot

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End of Cold War and Fall of Soviet Union

• Soviet Union was spending a lot of money putting
  down revolts in their country
• 1985 Gorbachev
• Leader of Soviet Union
• Reduced government control and increased
  citizens rights
• November 1989 Berlin Wall was torn down
• Germany began to reunite
• 1990 Germany was totally reunited
• Soviet Union broke up into many smaller countries
• Largest country established was Russia