Chapter 8: Cultures of Europe and Russia

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Chapter 8 Cultures of Europe and Russia

• Section 1 The Cultures of Western Europe

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Cultural Centers

• Cultural Attractions include museums, concert
  halls, festivals, restaurants, nightclubs, and
  stores
• Western Europe has a mix of old and new cultures
• Paris, France
• Attracts scholars, writers, and artists
• London, England
• Grand historic buildings and its lovely parks
• Madrid, Spain
• A friendly place with lots of outside cafes
• Berlin, Germany
• Known for its public transportation
• The buses are clean, as well as the cities and
  streets
• Outdoor recreation is very popular

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Growing Cities, Growing Wealth

• Western European cities are prosperous based on
  industry (like steel, cars, machines, and
  shipping)
• Industry and the growth of cities
• Revolutions made in farming at the same time as
  revolutions in industry
• Less need for farmers, growing need for
  industrial workers (like in factories)
• Urbanization growth of cities
• It sped up after World War II

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Growing Cities, Growing Wealth

• A home for immigrants
• In the 1800s and early 1900s, Western Europeans
  left in search of a better life in the Americas
• After WWII, people stopped leaving, and other
  people came (from Eastern Europe, Asia, and
  Northern Africa)
• W. Europe needed workers
• Immigrants people who move from one country to
  another
• Bring their languages, religious beliefs, values,
  and customs
• Make changes in their ways of life
• Multicultural influenced by many cultures

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Growing Cities, Growing Wealth

• Open Borders
• Open Borders Borders that open for travel in
  between
• Open borders exist because most European
  countries are small and close together. It is
  easy to exchange ideas, goods, and raw materials.
• After World War II, European countries began to
  work together around 1950 to help rebuild Europe.
  They ended up forming an early version of the
  European Union.

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European Union

• European Union (EU) an organization of European
  countries which works together to expand trade in
  Europe
• Ended tariffs, or fees for trade between
  countries, between member nations that a
  government charges for goods entering a country
• Hopes to create a united states of Europe, where
  people, money, goods, and services move freely
  among member countries
• Starting in 2002, most of the member countries
  use the EURO as currency (money)
• The EU was formally established in 1993, and as
  of 2012, has 27 member countries.