From Republic to Empire

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From Republic to Empire
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City on Seven Hills

• Latin's
• Settled along the
• Tiber River

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Romans

• Shared peninsula with the Etruscans

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Romans

• Shared peninsula with the Etruscans
• Romans learned
• Alphabet

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Romans

• Shared peninsula with the Etruscans
• Romans learned
• Alphabet
• Arch construction

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Romans

• Shared peninsula with the Etruscans
• Romans learned
• Alphabet
• Arch construction
• Gods and Goddesses

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Roman - Latins

• Romans conquer
• 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans
• Greek City States

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Roman - Latins

• Romans conquer
• 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans
• Greek City States
• Success due to
• Diplomacy
• Roman Legion 5000 man units
• Loyalty, courage, respect for authority

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Res Publica - Republic

• Senate most powerful legislators
• 300 members all Patricians
• Landowning upper class (Aristocrats)

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Res Publica - Republic

• Senate
• 300 members all Patricians
• Landowning upper class
• Consuls
• elected by Senate
• Supervise business, government, and armies

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Res Publica - Republic

• Tribunes
• Represent the Plebeians
• Farmers,merchants, and traders
• Right to VETO

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Res Publica - Republic

• Dictator
• Elected in time of war

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Punic Wars Rome vs CarthageEarly Phoenician
Colony
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Punic Wars Rome vs CarthageEarly Phoenician
Colony

• Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism)

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Punic Wars Rome vs CarthageEarly Phoenician
Colony

• Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism)
• Carthage fought for self-preservation
• (They had empire of their own)

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CarthageNorth AfricaPunic War

• General Hannibal
• Attacks Rome from North
• Elephants

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CarthageNorth AfricaPunic War

• General Hannibal
• Attacks Rome from North
• Elephants
• Returns to protect Carthage
• Defeated on open plains

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• Romans Destroyed Carthage.
• poured salt on all of farm land to never let
  Carthage return.
• Roman law let you live
• But, if you went against them

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Mare Nostrum Our Sea
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Roman Republic Declines
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Julius CaesarMilitary General

• Led army nine years in Gaul

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Julius CaesarMilitary General

• Led army nine years in Gaul
• Pompey convinced Senate to call him home

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Julius CaesarMilitary General

• Led army nine years in Gaul
• Pompey convinced Senate to call him home
• He came home Took over the Senate

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Julius CaesarMilitary General

• Reorganized a corrupt Senate
• Allowed more people Citizenship

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Julius CaesarMilitary General

• Reorganized a corrupt Senate
• Allowed more people Citizenship

• Veni, Vedi, Vici
• I came, I saw, I conquered

• Re-established Mediterranean
• and Married Egyptian Queen, Cleopatra.

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Julius CaesarMilitary General

• Assassinated on Senate Floor
• Fear of him naming himself
• Emperor or Caesar

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• Octavian and Mark Antony
• Octavian Caesars grandnephew
• Mark Antony general
• joined together to hunt down the murderers

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Cleopatra VII

• After Caesar assassinated
• Marries Mark Antony - Illegal in Rome

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• Octavian and Mark Antony
• Go to War over control of Roman Empire
• used Cleopatras and Antonys relationship as a
  political tool

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Battle of Actium

• Octavian defeats Antony
• takes supreme rule of Rome
• names himself Emperor, turning Rome into an
  Empire
• one of the most influential empires the world has
  known

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Octavian soon becomes Augustus or Exalted One
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• Pax Romana
• Roman Peace
• 200 year Period
• Augustus to Marcus Aurelius

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Entertainment

• Chariot Races
• Gladiator Contests
• Many gladiators were slaves trained to fight
• Emperor Nero .Let the Christians fight the lions