EVALUASI%20

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EVALUASI PENGENDALIAN STRATEGI Pertemuan 25

• Matakuliah J0134/ Manajemen Strategik
• Tahun 2006

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Strategy Review, EvaluationControl
-- Strategies become obsolete -- Internal
environments are dynamic -- External
environments are dynamic
Strategy Evaluation

• Vital to the organizations well-being
• Alert management to potential/actual problems in
  a timely fashion
• Erroneous strategic decisions can have severe
  negative impact on organizations
• Complex sensitive undertaking
• Overemphasis can be costly counterproductive

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3 Basic Activities

1. Examine the underlying bases of a firms strategy
2. Compare expected to actual results
3. Identify corrective actions to ensure that
   performance conforms to plans

Appraisal of Strategic Performance

• Have assets increased
• Increase in profitability
• Increase in sales
• Increase in productivity
• Profit margins, ROI, EPS ratios increased

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Consistency
Rummelts4 Criteria
Consonance
Feasibility
Advantage
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Consistency

• Strategy should not present inconsistent goals
  policies

Consonance

• Neither overtax resources or create unsolvable
  sub-problems

Feasibility

• Need for strategies to examine sets of trends

Advantage

• Creation or maintenance of competitive advantage

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Kesulitan dalam Evaluasi Strategi

1. Semakin meningkatnya kompleksitas lingkungan
2. Sulitnya memprediksi masa depan secara akurat
3. Semakin banyaknya variabel
4. Tingkat keusangan rencana
5. Kejadian-kejadian domestik maupun global
6. Menurunnya rentang waktu bagi perencanaan yang
   pasti

Evaluasi Strategi Seharusnya.

• Merupakan inisiatif managerial
• Sebagai pemicu review atas objectives values
• Menstimulasi kreatifitas dalam menghasilkan
  alternatif

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Evaluation Framework
Yes
Differences?
NO
Yes
Differences?
NO
Continue present course
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Kerangka Evaluasi Strategi

• Review faktor yang mendasari strategi, review
• Dasar strategi (matriks EFE IFE)
• Efektifitas strategi (komparasi dengan pesaing)
• Perubahan SWOT
• Mengukur performance
• Compare expected to actual results
• Investigate deviations from plan
• Evaluate individual performance
• Progress toward stated objectives
• Melakukan tindakan koreksi

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Kriteria Kuantitatif Evaluasi Strategi

• Financial Ratios
• Compare performance over different periods
• Compare performance to competitors
• Compare performance to industry average
• ROI, ROE, Profit margin, market share, D/E ratio,
  EPS, sales aset growth

Kriteria Kualitatif Evaluasi Strategi

• Internal consistency of strategy
• Consistency with environment
• Appropriateness in view of resources
• Acceptable degree of risk
• Appropriate time frame
• Workability of the strategy

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Balanced Scorecard
Evaluate strategies from 4 perspectives 1.
Financial performance 2. Customer
knowledge 3. Internal business processes 4.
Learning growth

• Contingency Planning
• Alternative plans that can be put into effect if
  certain key events do not occur as expected

• Auditing
• Financial audits determine correspondence between
  assertions based on strategic plan established
  criteria
• Environmental audits insure sound and safe
  practices

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Balanced Scorecard
Area of Objectives Measure or Target Time Expectation Primary Responsibility
Customers      
1      
2      
Managers/Employees      
1      
2      
Operations/Processes      
1      
2      
Community/Social Responsibility      
1      
2      
Business Ethics/Natural Environment      
1      
2      
Financial      
1      
2      
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Karakteristik Evaluasi strategy

• Economical
• Meaningful
• Generates useful information
• Timely information
• Provides accurate picture of events

Tantangan Strategic Management

• Process is more an art than science
• Should strategies be visible or hidden from
  stakeholders
• Should process be more top-down or bottom up

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Strategy-Evaluation Assessment Matrix