Turmoil in the Middle East

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Turmoil in the Middle East

• Conflict between Arab countries and Israel

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• What do you know about the Middle East?
• What are the main religions in the Middle East?
• What were the Crusades?

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Timeline of Major Events

• 1917 first idea of creating Israel
• 1948 Israel officially becomes country
• 1948 Arab countries attack Israel
• 1956 Suez Canal conflict
• 1967 Six Day War

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Timeline Continued

• 1973 Yom Kippur War
• 1978 Camp David Peace Accords
• 1992 Oslo Peace Accords
• 2000- present conflict over Gaza Strip and West
  Bank

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1917 Balfour Declaration- Jewish Zionists ask
British empire for help with creating a new
country
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1948 Israel Becomes a Country

• Zionists pushed for Jewish country
• Holocaust caused relocation
• In 1948 Palestine is divided into Israel- Jewish
  
• Palestine- Muslim
• War starts between Israel and Arab countries

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Conflicts after Creation of Israel

• Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and
  Syria attack Israel the next day
• Israel wins with help from UN, United States, and
  Great Britain

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Fight over Suez Canal

• Suez Canal- important for trade routes
• Egypt seizes it from British
• Israel combines forces with British and French to
  take the Suez back eventually they give back the
  canal to Egypt

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Six Day War/1967 Arab-Israeli War

• Israel defeats Arab countries
• Israel gets new territories Jerusalem, Sinai
  Peninsula, Golan Heights, and West Bank, and the
  Gaza Strip

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Yom Kippur War

• Egyptians led by Anwar Sadat invade Israel on the
  Jewish holiday
• Israels prime minister Golda Meir plans
  counterattack
• Ends up being a draw everyone ends up with the
  same land.
• PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) starts
  under Yasir Arafats leadership

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First Attempt for Peace Camp David Accords

• Peace negotiations between Egypt and Israel
• Leaders
• Egypt- Anwar Sadat
• Israel- Menachem Begin
• United States- President Carter

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Oslo Peace Accords

• Peace talks begin between Israel and Palestine
• Palestine wants their own government
• Israel wants acts of terrorism to end
• Leaders- Rabin, Arafat, Clinton

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1987 and 2000 Intifada

• Protests led by Palestinian students turn violent
• Israeli police and soldiers attempt to break up
  protests
• Delays the peace process

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2004 Death of Yassir Arafat

• His death led to a delay of the peace process
• Caused a conflict within Palestinian leadership
• 2005 Mahmoud Abbas (moderate) elected president
  of Palestinian Authority

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2005-Current Issues in Gaza Strip

• Israel withdraws from Gaza Strip
• Hamas takes control of Gaza
• Hamas begins Rocket attacks
• Israel responds with massive air strikes

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Current Situation

• Still tension over Gaza Strip, Golan Heights,
  Jerusalem, and West Bank
• Jewish settlements
• Palestinian acts of terrorism

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Current Israeli Goals

• More Jewish settlements in Jerusalem and West
  Bank
• Prevent acts of terrorism
• Safety from surrounding countries
• End to rocket attacks from Gaza Strip

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Palestinian Goals

• Independent Palestine
• Freeing of prisoners
• End to Jewish settlements in West Bank
• End to blockade of Gaza Strip

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