Title: Phases of Matter and Changes of Phase
1Phases of Matter and Changes of Phase
- Do We Get New Materials Or Do We Get The Same
Things Just Re-Done?
2What Are Phases of Matter?
- The physical forms in which a substance can exist
Four Phases of Matter
Solids
Gases
Liquids
Plasma
3Solids
- Phase of matter in which matter has a definite
shape and volume
Molecules (small round objects) are arranged and
organized in tightly packed order
Molecules Vibrate In Place
4Liquids
- Phase of matter in which matter takes the shape
of its container and has definite volume
Molecules are moving slowly not fast enough to
overcome the attractions between them
5Gases
- Phase in which matter changes in both volume and
shape
Molecules move very quickly and are able to break
apart from one another
6Plasma
- Phase of matter that does not have a definite
shape or volume and whose particles have broken
apart (heated until losing all electrons)
Can be found in lightning, fire, and the Aurora
Borealis
7Why Do Different Phases Exist?
Molecules are too small to see
but they are always in motion, constantly
bumping into one another
8So How Do We Classify Them?
- How fast the molecules move!!!
Solids Liquids Gases Plasmas
Molecules move slow and vibrate in place Move faster than solids and overcome some attraction Move fast and overcome all of attraction Move incredibly fast but break apart
95 Major Changes of State
10Freezing
- Freezing The change of state from liquid to
solid
As liquids cool their particles begin to slow,
bringing them closer together forming crystals
Freezing Point
Loss of Thermal Energy!!
11Melting
- Melting The change of state from solid to
liquid
As a substance absorbs heat energy the objects
particles begin to heat up and move faster and
farther away from one another
Melting Point
Gain of Thermal Energy!!
12Boiling
- Boiling process that occurs when vaporization
takes place inside a liquid as well as on the
surface
Dependant on how strongly the particles in an
object are held together
Boiling Point
Gain of Thermal Energy!!
13Evaporation
- Evaporation occurs when a liquid acquires enough
energy to become a gas only on the surface of the
liquid
Gain of Thermal Energy!!
14Condensation
- Condensation Occurs when a gas loses enough
thermal energy to become a liquid
Particles in a gas lose energy and begin to move
slower, coming closer together
Loss of Thermal Energy!!
15Sublimation
- Sublimation occurs when the surface particles
of a solid gain enough energy to become a gas
Gain of Thermal Energy!!
16What happens when things melt, boil, etc. ?
- During a phase change, Thermal Energy is either
absorbed or released
Solid to Liquid
Thermal Energy Absorbed
Liquid to Gas
Gas to Liquid
Thermal Energy Released
Liquid to Solid
17What happens to substances when they are heated
or cooled?
- When objects are heated...they
Expand
- When objects are cooled...they
Contract
Water is the only exception...it actually
expands as it cools
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