Roots of Self-Government

1
Roots of Self-Government

• Chapter 4
• Section 4

2
England Regulates Trade

• The idea that a colony should benefit its home
  country is an economic theory called
  mercantilism. Under this theory a nation became
  strong by keeping strict control over its trade.
• Believers of this theory thought that a country
  should export more than it imported.
• Define Exports Imports.

3
England Regulates Trade

• What were the acts that England passed in the
  1650s called?
• What did these acts do? They ensured what?
• Under these laws only colonial or English ships
  could carry goods to and from the colonies. What
  were some of the goods?
• These laws also encouraged colonists to build
  their own ships.

4
England Regulates Trade

• As a result, New England became a prosperous
  shipbuilding center.
• In addition, because of these acts colonial
  merchants did not have to compete with foreign
  merchants because they were sure of having market
  for their goods in England.
• Did colonists like these laws? What did they do?

5
Trade in Rum and Slaves

• Who dominated colonial trade? What were they
  known as?
• What did this nickname mean?
• Colonial merchants developed many trade routes.
  What was one route called? Why?
• On the 1st leg ships from New England carried
  fish, lumber, and other goods to the West Indies.
  There they Yankees bought molasses and sugar.

6
Trade in Rum and Slaves

• The ships would then would sail back to New
  England, where the colonists used the molasses
  and sugar to make rum.
• On the 2nd leg of the voyage ships carries rum,
  guns, gunpowder, cloth, and tools from New
  England to West Africa.
• In Africa what would Yankees trade and for what?

7
Trade in Rum and Slaves

• On the final leg of the voyage ships carried
  enslaved Africans to the West Indies. With the
  profit the sailors made from the sale of slaves
  the sailors bought molasses.
• Many traders made lots of money. Did they always
  follow the Navigation Acts?

8
Trade in Rum and Slaves

• How did they violate the acts?

9
Colonial Government

• Many of the colonies had different governments
  but most were structured in the same manner.
• A governor directed the colonys affairs and
  enforced the laws.
• Were most of the governors appointed? By who?
• In which 2 colonies were the governors elected?

10
Colonial Government

• Each colony had a legislature.
• Most of the colonies legislatures had an upper
  and lower house.
• Who made the upper house?
• Was the lower house elected or nominated?
• The lower house approved laws and protected the
  rights of citizens.

11
Colonial Government

• The lower house also had the power to approve any
  taxes the governor asked for. What was this power
  called?
• The lower house had the right to raise or spend
  money which was an important check on the
  governors power.
• What would happen to any governor who ignored the
  assembly?

12
Colonial Government

• Each colony had their own rules on who could
  vote.
• By the 1720s colonial laws changed and
  restricted voting laws to who?
• In some colonies only Protestants or members of a
  particular church could vote (remember
  Massachusetts Bay?)
• What did colonial leaders believe?

13
Colonial Government

• As a result of what revolution did colonist get
  more rights?
• Who was removed of his throne? Who replaced him?
• The new king and queen signed the English Bill of
  Rights in 1689 in order to get Parliaments
  support.
• Define Bill of Rights.

14
Colonial Government

• What do the English Bill of Rights protect?
• Under the English Bill of Rights a ruler could
  not raise taxes or an army without the approval
  of Parliament. q

15
Limits on Liberties

• The English colonists enjoyed more freedoms than
  English citizens themselves.
• Did the rights that English citizens have extend
  to the colonists?
• Women in the colonies had more rights but far
  fewer than free white males.
• What could a woman not do?

16
Limits on Liberties

• Unmarried and widow females had more rights than
  married women. What could they do?
• In what 2 colonies could women settlers who
  headed families could buy land on the same terms
  as men?
• Who did not have any rights?