Six Essential Nutrients

1
Six Essential Nutrients

• 1. Water 4. Protein
• 2. Carbohydrates 5. Minerals
• 3. Fats 6. Vitamins

2
Water (H2O)

• Controls body temperature.
• Enables living plants and animals to hold their
  shape.
• Involves the transport of nutrients at the cell
  level through osmosis and diffusion.
• Helps digest feeds.
• Carries waste-products resulting from body
  functions.
• Major part of all body fluids.

3
Carbohydrates (C6H12O6) Simple and Complex

• Furnishes energy for
• A. body functions
• B. growth and fattening
• C. reproduction
• The largest part of an animals food supply
  (usually the roughage in the diet). 4 calories
  per gram
• Includes sugars, starchs, and cellulose.
• Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

4
Fats

• Furnishes a concentrated source of energy. (2.25
  times as much energy as C6H12O.) 9 calories per
  gram
• Forms cholesterol, steroids, and other body
  compounds.
• Found in every cell in the body.
• Skin and hair conditions are affected when fat is
  absent from the diet.
• Provides Energy reserves
• Protection for vital organs
• Insulation for the body
• Made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

5
Proteins

• Needed for growth and repair of the body.
• Helps form the greater part of 4 calories per
  gram
• A. muscles and internal organs.
• B. skin, hair, wool, and feathers.
• C. hoofs and horns.
• Contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

6
Minerals

• Potassium, phosphorous, and calcium are necessary
  for healthy bones.
• Salt (NaCl) is important in most body functions
  (i.e. appearance, growth, appetite).
• Iron is required for healthy blood and skin.
• Most other minerals are essential, but are
  required in smaller amounts.

7
Vitamins

• Needed in minute amounts.
• Essential for life and health.
• Catalyst for body processes.
• Promotes growth and reproduction.
• Contributes to the general health of the animal.

8
Vitamins and there purpose
Vitamin Source Need Disease
A Yellow vegies, dairy, fish and liver Night blindness, Night blindness
B1-6 Complex Riboflavin Niacin, Thiamine Meat whole grains and bananas Nervous system, low energy Beri Beri
B12 meat, dairy DNA Metabolism Lebers
9
C Fruit fresh vegies, Narwhal Adrenal glands, blood, bones, capillary walls, heart, mucous membranes, nervous system and teeth. Scurvy
D Sun light Growth, bones Ricketts
E Fish oil and grain oils Nervous system, skin and joints
K Dark green vegies and carrots Blood clotting warfarin
Protein meat Muscles, repair cells, blood Pelegra
Folic Acid (Vitamin B9) Leafy greens, eggs, yeast Nervous system development