PowerPoint-Pr

1
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
Between back to work and working poor Labour
Market Activation in Switzerland Sucess,
Difficulties and Legal Challenges
2
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross

• Overview
• 1. Labour Market related Social Security Systems
• Reform of the Unemployment Insurance
• Results of the Unemployment Insurance Reform
• Present state of back to work
• 5. Legal Challenges for the future Labour Market
  Integration

3
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross

• Background information
• Labour Market related Social Security Systems in
  Switzerland
• a. Unemployed Insurance
• Federal State competence Target group
  Unemployed Employees paid contributions for 12
  month Financed via contributions (2,5 of
  income, 50/50 employer/employee) and via Public
  funding (only for Measures and Placement
  infrastructure) Benefits Monetary Benefits for
  400 days (1 week 5 days), for eldery people
  between 520 and 640 days Benefits Labour Market
  Measures.
• b. Invalidity Insurance
• Federal State competence Traget group
  Everybody becoming invalid Financed 50 via
  contributions (income related, 1,4 employees
  and employers 50/50, self-employed 100) and 50
  via Public funding Benefits Pension Benefits
  Medical and Vocational Rehabilitation.

4
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross

• Background information
• Labour Market related Social Security Systems in
  Switzerland
• c. Unemployed Assistance
• Federal State competence (not realized,
  therefore still Cantonal competence, only
  realized in some Cantons) Target group Needy
  Unemployed Financed via Public funding
  Benefits Monetary Benefits and Labour Market
  Measures.
• b. Social Assistance
• Cantonal competence Target group Needy
  persons Financed via Public funding Benefits
  Monetary Benefits and Labour Market Measures.

5
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
2. Reforms of the Unemployed Insurance System a.
Strategies Early 1990s Rising Number of
Unemployed --gt From a passive Benefit-System to
an Activating System Back to work Low wages
are better than Benefits Low level jobs are
better than High Qualified Unemployed
Labour Market Measures
Reorganization of Placement
6
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
Labour Market Measures
Reorganization of Placement
Administrative Division a. Monetary Benefits
through the Unemployment-Insurance b.
Labour Market Measures through specialized
Regional Placement Centres
Promoting -Qualification -Retraining -Combinated
Wages -Self-Employment -Commuters Costs -Small
jobs while unemployed

7
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
Labour Market Measures
Org
Legal Aspects Labour Market Measures correlating
with -rights of citizens -rights of
insurance-payers -duties of the recipients
Duties for the recipients arrive From General
principles of Social Security Law -Duty of
reduction in damages for the Solidarity-Community
-Duty to cooperate -Principle of suitability
8
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
Labour Market Measures
Org
Unemployed Insurance-payer only receives
benefit If 1. The person fullfills criteria of
the insurance (e.g. Contribution payment) 2. The
person fullfills criteria for ability for
placement in general 3. The person takes own
initiative to look for a new job 4. The person
cooperate with the Authorities 5. The persons
participate on Measures Authorities obligated him
9
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
Labour Market Measures
Org
Duty to participate on Measures if   1. The
person fullfills criteria for ability for
placement in concretum 2. Labour Market itself
complicates the placement of that person And 3.
Swiss Social Security Supreme Court The
foreseen measure must promote the person in his
case
10
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
Labour Market Measures
Org
Not fullfilling the Duty -gt
Sanctions Supreme Court Swiss Authorities have
to keep in mind International Conventions on
Sanctions Switzerland has ratified (ILO 102
128, European C. On Social Security) -gt Graduated
Sanctions Loosing 1-30 days of benefit
payment Loosing 1-2 months of benfit
payment Loosing general ability of placement and
thus benefit at all
11
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
3. Results of the Unemployment Insurance Reform
12
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
4. Present state of back to work a. Development
of the Annual Social Security Costs (Index 100
1987)
13
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
4. Present state of back to work b. Development
of poverty / working poor / unemployment
14
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
4. Present state of Back to work low rate of
unemployment Rising Costs on Labour Market
Measures Rising Number of Beneficiaries of
Invalidity Insurance High Number of Beneficiaries
of Social Assistance High Number of the Working
Poor
15
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
LMM
Reorganization
5. Legal Challenges of the future Labour Market
Integration a. How to improve efficiency of
adminstration and how to stimulate cooperation
between several bodies ? Unemployment insurances
/Placement Agencies for unemployed / Invalidity
insurances / Social Assistance Authorities -gt
Constitutional Problem -Federal State has only
the competence on Social Security Law -Cantons
(States) have only the competence for Social
Assistance -gt Practical Consequence Labour
Market Integration from several bodies
16
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
LMM
Reorganization
5. Legal Challenges of the future Labour Market
Integration b. Steps and Strategies for
cooperation - InterInstitutionalCooperation
(IIZ) will be realized through the 5th
Revision of the Invalidity Insurance especially
between the Invalidity Insurance bodies and the
Regional Placement Agencies - IIZ-Plus To
stimulate Cooperation between the Labour Market
related Social Insurance Bodies (especially
Invalidity Insurance) and other Social
Insurance Bodies via agreements - IIZ-MAMAC To
create Assessment Centres for Case Management
via agreements between Social Insurance Bodies
and Social Authorities
17
MAX PLANCK INSTITUTE FOR FOREIGN AND
INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL LAW MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FÜR
AUSLÄNDISCHES UND INTERNATIONALES SOZIALRECHT
Dr. Friso Ross
Conclusions