The Habsburgs

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The Habsburgs

• And a bit about the Valois

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Who are the Habsburgs?

• principal European dynasty
• 15th 20th c.
• named after ancestral Castle Habsburg in Aargau,
  Switzerland

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History of the Habsburgs

• 1273 Count Rudolf of Habsburg becomes German
  king Rudolf I
• gives Austria and Styria to his two sons origin
  of Habsburgs in Austria

Austria
Styria
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History of the Habsburgs

• 1452 Habsburgs gain position of Holy Roman
  Emperor when king Frederick V is crowned Emperor
  Frederick III
• title remains in family until HREs dissolution
  in 1806

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History of the Habsburgs

• Habsburgs then gain land/power through marriage
• began with Austria
• then added Netherlands, Luxembourg, Burgundy,
  duchy of Milan, Sicily, Naples, Sardinia, Spain
  ( its New World possessions)

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History of the Habsburgs

• Charles V (1500-1558) highpoint of Habsburg
  power
• 1556 Charles V abdicates ? dynasty divided
• Spanish Habsburgs (ruled Spain until 1700)
• Austrian Habsburgs (ruled in central Europe until
  1918)

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Philip II (r. 1556-1598)
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French Dynasties

• Carolingians 800-987
• Capets 987-1328
• Valois 1328-1589
• Bourbons 1589-1793

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Habsburg-Valois Wars

• series of wars between the 2 dynasties, 1522-1559
• fighting over land in Italy (fighting often took
  place on Italian soil)
• 1522 France vs. Charles V over control of Milan
• Habsburg victory, France has to cede Italian
  lands to Habsburgs
• 1542-1544 France vs. Charles V
• 1552 France allies itself with German princes
  opposed to Charles V ? France gains several
  states from H.R.E.
• France begins attacking Spanish Habsburg
  settlements and fleets in New World
• 1557-1559 war resumes
• 1559 Treaty of Cateau-Cambrésis Spain
  (Habsburgs) win