PowerPoint-Pr

1
Disaster Risk Reduction National Coordinating
Mechanisms in NICARAGUA
2
Context of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in
NICARAGUA

• NICARAGUA has a DRR coordinating mechanism
  embodied in the Law 337 Creation of the System
  of Prevention, Mitigation and Attention to
  Disasters (SINAPRED)
• The law was promulgated in 2000, and it is still
  working.
• Nicaragua is threatened by many natural hazards.
  In the past century, the capital city, Managua,
  was destroyed two times by earthquakes, XXX
  hurricanes have stroked the Caribbean coast and
  the Pacific coast, but one of these hurricane,
  Mitch, in 1998 caused XX death and material loss
  of XXX. This last event induced the national
  authorities to create a system to cope with these
  natural threats in a more organized way.
• The Executive Secretary of SINAPRED (ES-SINAPRED)
  is the HFA focal point.

3
Legal Framework for DRR and DRR National Plan

• As we have said, the Law 337 indicates the
  responsibilities of all and every one among the
  government institutions in matter of disasters.
  The system is coordinated by an Executive
  Secretary in normal times, and its main
  responsibility is institutional coordination.
  Concerning prevention it is assumed by INETER,
  the institution in charge of the studies and
  surveillance of natural threats, and Civil
  Defence is in charge of preparedness. Finally,
  Civil Defence is in charge of the emergency
  management and recovery, in close collaboration
  with the Sectoral Commissions. Reconstruction
  activities are established in the law, and are
  the responsibility of the Infrastructure
  Ministry.
• Concerning the DRR National Plan
• DRR is an important part of the national,
  sectoral and local development policies and
  investment policies.
• The DRR National Plan seeks to establish and
  develop financial mechanisms to include risk
  management in the public investment process.
• The DRR National Plan look for an improvement of
  preparedness and response capacity at all levels
  of SINAPRED.
• The DRRNP tries and develop a strategy to
  strengthen the economic competitiveness and
  private management with DRR measures.
• To increase the quality and availability of risk
  related information.
• To improve civil society participation.
• In the National Plans of Nicaragua the DRR is a
  very important issue, mainly concerning the
  sustainable development and the improvement of
  quality of life.

4
DRR in Sectoral Policies

• Nicaraguan government has promoted in all
  governmental institutions a culture of prevention
  through Sectoral Commissions that have been
  created by the Law 337. The DRR responsibilities
  are being gradually delegated to the
  municipalities as a contribution to
  decentralisation. Institutional Development,
  democratic governance and decentralisation are
  the main themes.
• The Ministry of Environment is in charge of
  prevention of manmade pollution of natural
  resources, mainly lakes and rivers. In addition,
  in close collaboration with the Forestry
  Institute and Civil Defence, they try to prevent
  forest fires and avoid deforestation.
• Nicaragua has a national strategy for Climate
  Change Adaptation and Mitigation. This strategy
  has been discussed with the other Central
  American countries in order to have a unique
  position before international organizations.
• In May 2007 was promulgated the General Law of
  National Waters to regulate the administration,
  conservation, development, use, sustainable and
  equitable exploitation, preserving quantity and
  quality of every water resource,
• In the Ministry of Environment there is a
  Department for the clean production, and one of
  the purpose of this Department is to encourage
  producer to use environment friendly mode of
  production.
• Seismic risk maps have been elaborated for the
  three main cities. And seismic threat maps for
  other cities. In addition, a land use code is in
  force since several years.
• DRR is included in the primary and high school
  curricula.
• Health Ministry has different plans for every
  season and for the different health threats
  these plans go down to the level of
  Municipalities.
• A new Building Code is in force since last year.

5
National Preventive Disaster Risk Reduction
Mechanism
President (Vice President)
National Committee
Technical Link Units
Sectoral Working Commissions
Executive Secretary
Fund
CODE
Departmental Secretaries/ Regional Coordinators
Departmental and Regional Committees
Municipal Committees
Mayors
6
National Crisis Management Mechanisms
NATIONAL COMMITTEE
CODE
Education and Information
Natural Phenomena
Health
Infrastructure
Environment
Security
Supplies
Special Operations
Consumer Defence
7
Institutional Actors and Stakeholders in Normal
Times

• PNUD
• FAO
• UNICEF
• OPS
• CEPREDENAC

• Red Cross
• Volunteer Firemen
• NGOs

• Civil Defence
• INETER
• MINSA
• MTI
• Others

ES-SINAPRED
Departmental/Regional Committees
Local/Municipal Commitees
Private Sector participate eventually
8
Institutional Actors and Stakeholders in Normal
Times

• PNUD
• FAO
• UNICEF
• OPS
• CEPREDENAC

• Red Cross
• Volunteer Firemen
• NGOs

• Civil Defence
• INETER
• MINSA
• MTI
• Others

ES-SINAPRED
National Committee
CODE
Departmental/Regional Committees
Local/Municipal Committees
Private Sector participate eventually
9
Institutional Actors and Stakeholders (Network in
Normal Times)
UNDP FAO OPS CEPREDENAC
Government, Civil Defence INETER Ministry of
Environment Ministry of interior Army MINSA MTI
ES-SINAPRED
NGO
Municipalities
Local communities
10
Institutional Actors and Stakeholders (Network in
Crisis Situation)
National Committee
UNDP FAO OPS CEPREDENAC CFAC
Government, Army/Civil Defence INETER Ministry
of Environment Ministry of interior Sectoral
Commissions MINSA MTI
ES-SINAPRED
NGO
CODE
Municipalities
Local communities
11
DRR Institutional Relation to Climate Change
The risks associated with Climate Change are
included in the risks that are normally addressed
by SINAPRED, such as hurricanes, floods, forest
fires, etc. The Environment Ministry has
elaborated a National Strategy for Climate
Change, which encompasses Action Plans for each
of the Sectors involved, in adaptation as well as
in mitigation activities. Nicaragua is nowadays
preparing for the end of the year the second
communication at national level to inform on the
topic of Climate Change and related developments,
which include Local Mitigation Strategies for 2
departments (Boaco and Chontales) in the Sector
of Agriculture and Fishing, as well as Adaptation
Strategies for the Coffee Plantation Sector and
Food Security in the Municipalities of Jinotega
and Matagalpa.
12
Regional Coordination of DRR and South-South
Collaboration
Nicaragua is a member of a regional (Central
American) organization Centre for the Prevention
of Natural Disaster in Central America
(CEPREDENAC). Six Central American countries
participate in this organization.
13
Activities Results

• List some completed or current important
  activities and contributions of the NP/national
  DRR coordinating mechanism such as
• contribution to the elaboration or update of the
  national DRR legal framework
• awareness raising campaigns
• support of national research in the field of DRR

14
Identified Strengths and Weaknesses

• In the case of DRR, Nicaragua's main strengths
  is the existence of the SINAPRED structure. In
  this structure are regrouped all the governmental
  institutions and some NGOs, and with the legal
  basis of Law 337 they are able to carry out
  prevention, mitigation and opportune response
  activities, in normal times and in crisis
  situation.
• Among the best practices, one has to underline
  the interest of the State in promoting a culture
  of prevention throughout the whole country,
  including the insertion of themes related to DRR
  and Climate Change in the Education curricula of
  Primary and Secondary School.
• The main weakness is the scarcity of material
  resources to cope with the huge needs that
  normally arise after a disaster, especially among
  poor people.