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Rights to water Presented by Ms. Nyanzobe
Malimi 2008 (Representing TAWASANET and TWESA)
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• Tanzania is one of the county in the world
  committed Implementing the Millennium Development
  Goals (MDGs) as internationally agreed targets
  for reducing poverty, hunger, diseases,
  illiteracy, environmental degradation and
  discrimination against women by 2015. To
  implement that Tanzania formed a National
  organizing framework for putting the focus on
  poverty reduction on the countrys development
  agenda that is The National Strategy for Growth
  and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP).The NSGRP is
  informed by the aspirations of Tanzanias
  Development Vision (Vision 2025) for high and
  shared growth, high quality livelihood, peace,
  stability and unity, good governance, high
  quality education and international
  competitiveness.

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Water and sanitation issues in the country

• Despite the above goal and strategy signed and
  developed respectively, Tanzania is still among
  the poorest country in the world, at the same
  time its people are facing water and sanitation
  problems at greater extent (water coverage-rural
  45 and urban 79). That leads to diseases like
  diarrhea and cholera that remains endemic with
  frequent out-breaks in urban and rural areas
  while there are little interventions to overcome
  the situation, (dealing with effects and not the
  root causes).

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Water and sanitation issues in the country

• People doesnt realised that to have access to
  safe and clean water is their rights and they
  have to demand it once is not there for their
  good health.
• The peoples blindness on this issues is due to
  the change of the water policy of 1999 that was
  stated fee water for all due to failure of the
  Government to fulfill its responsibility.

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Water and sanitation issues .

• The new policy of 2002, puts governments not
  responsible for provision of adequate and safe
  water supply and sanitation services rather than
  in policy formulation and dissemination,
  monitoring , supervision, coordination and
  support.
• The policy requires people to contribute cash, 5
  of the capital cost, 100 of OM and care
  vulnerable groups.

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Impacts of water and sanitation

• As a results a significant number of communities
  (Wards) do not have single functioning water
  point because they cant afford 5 cash
  contribution of the capital cost . More
  strikingly, wards with higher coverage continue
  to attract investment, while those with low or no
  waterpoint coverage continue to be sidelined.
  This suggests that decision makers at LGA level
  are not prioritizing water right and that
  under-served wards lack the opportunities to
  influence the planning process in their favour.
  If MKUKUTA - NSGRP and MDG targets are to be met,
  this is a critical issue to be addressed.
• There a strong link between household wealth and
  access to safe water and sanitation services.
  Female-headed households, households headed by
  the elderly, and households with a sick member
  also had lower than average access to water and
  sanitation services, because can not afford
  paying the water fee collection.

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Impacts of water and sanitation.

• People opt to go for water from unprotected
  sources even though they are aware of its
  effects.
• On average women and children spent over two
  hours a day collecting water while journey of six
  to seven hours are not unusual in area on the
  central plateau.
• Lack of safe, sufficient, and affordable water
  had created gender-based violence around water
  accessibility and increased the rate of girls
  dropping out of school. This was because women
  and girls are largely deemed responsible for the
  provision of water in the home.
• Poor pit latrines has caused matured girls to
  drop out of school during their menstruation
  period due to lack of privacy.
• In urban areas people are opting for open
  defecation in storm water drainages or flying
  toilets due to lack of sanitation facilities or
  not able to pay for public services.

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Samwel -6yrs is caring a gallon of 5ltrs of water
from a spring 1.5km from the home (Kabanga
village in Ngara District).
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Mr. Kamanzila is fetching water from unprotected
source in Kabanga village in Ngara District.
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Poor constructed Pit latrine at Bukiriro
Primary school, Ngara District, Kagera Region
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Recommendations

• Water should be regarded as human rights that the
  link between the coverage and investments of
  rural water supply drawing from WPM and not
  driven by politics.
• Government should protect the right of water for
  vulnerable groups by providing enabling
  environment-Institutional frame work instead of
  leaving that responsibility to communities.
• Increase opportunities for pro-poor engagement in
  the planning process for investments at district
  level, by making data on budgets and coverage
  levels publicly accessible.
• Maintain the equitable budget allocations to
  urban and rural water supply. E.g in rural areas
  there is a need of more than 3000 new water
  points to meet the MDGs targets.

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Recommendation.

• While the MDGs had gained momentum, many local
  people are still unaware of them, whereas a
  rights language had given teeth to local
  struggles over the right to water, in particular
  given the option of making a legal claim.
  Although many poor people would be unable to
  claim their rights in formal judicial procedures,
  the option reinforced social mobilisation.
• Increase coordination among the sector ministries
  that are responsible for sanitation issues.
• To empower CSOs within the sector since have
  potential in both services delivery and engage
  in policy formulation as well as advocating water
  and sanitation as human rights to all Tanzanian
  citizens.

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TAWASANET

• The Tanzania Water and Sanitation Network
  (TAWASANET) is a recently formed network of
  Tanzanian civil society organisations working in
  the water and sanitation sector. The network was
  officially launched by the Minister of Water and
  Irrigation, Professor Mark Mwandosya, during
  Water Week 2008.

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TAWASANET

• TAWASANET was formed in order to increasing
  sharing between civil society organisations,
  promote partnerships between civil society and
  other sector stakeholders, build the capacity of
  civil society in the water and sanitation sector,
  and to strengthen the voice of civil society in
  national policy debates.
• We also campaign locally and internationally to
  change policy and practice and ensure water and
  sanitations vital role in reducing poverty is
  recognised.

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Important events -2008

• Water week March 2008
• Promoting use of simple and affordable
  technologies of water and sanitation facilities
  e.g pit latrine made of coconuts leaves that can
  be used in coast regions where coconuts are
  available and rope pumps- easier maintained by
  communities.

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Pit latrine made of Coconut leaves
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Rope pump developed by SHIPO
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Important events -2008

• JWSR October 2008
• CSOs presented perspective on progress in the
  water and sanitation sector, and what are the
  priority issues for the sector to address in the
  coming year.
• Most of the suggestions provided were taken in
  positive way with the Ministry and in cooperated
  in the undertakings of 2008/2009.

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Important events -2008

• World Toilet day-November 2008
• Three CSOs will represent TAWASANET in the event.
  They will show various technologies that can be
  adopted by communities using simple and
  affordable materials found within their vicinity
  for pit latrine construction.
• Making people aware of the link between poor
  hygiene practices and diseases.

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CONCLUSION

• Water is a basic human need and an economic good
  the two should balance for all people to have
  equal access to adequate and safe water for
  poverty alleviation.
• TAWASANET is a good entry for lobbying and
  advocating water to be regarded as human right by
  the Tanzania Government.
• In our interventions of advocating water as human
  right we should consider sanitation also since
  it has greater negative impact if not properly
  addressed even if there is adequate and safe
  water. Therefore we should say water and
  sanitation is a human right.

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• THANKS FOR LISTEN