Disorders of the Circulatory System

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Disorders of the Circulatory System

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Stats About Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

• It is the leading cause of untimely death in
  western countries!
• Some people are more at risk than others
• - Family History of CVD
• - Males
• - Ethnicity African Americans have an
• increased risk of CVD
• And one risk factor you can change
• Un-Healthy Lifestyle!!!!!!!!!!

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Hypertension(High Blood Pressure)

• Estimated that 20 of all Americans have high
  blood pressure
• What is High Blood Pressure?
• Systolic pressure over 140 mmHg
• Or
• Diastolic pressure over 90 mmHg

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Smoking and Hypertension

• Nicotine causes the arterioles to constrict and
  the blood pressure to rise
• The heart must pump harder to propel the blood
  through the lungs at a time when the
  oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood is reduced
• Smoking also damages the arterial wall and
  accelerates the formation of atherosclerosis and
  plaque

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Weight Gain and Hypertension

• Hypertension also occurs more often in persons
  who are more than 20 above the recommended
  weight for their height
• The heart must send extra blood out under greater
  pressure in those who are overweight because more
  tissue requires servicing

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Atherosclerosis

• Narrowing of the arteries due to accumulation of
  fatty materials in the lining of the arteries
• This causes a disruption in blood flow
• Decreased blood flow can lead to a heart attack

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Normal and Clogged Coronary Arteries
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Atherosclerosis
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Angioplasty

• Angioplasty is used to try and increase the
  blood flow through a clogged artery
• A balloon is used to force the artery to open
• Sometimes a stent is left in the artery to
  hold it open permanently

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Heart Attacks

• Heart Attack Part of the heart dies due to a
  lack of oxygen
• Some people have angina which causes pain in the
  left arm
• Angina is caused by decreased blood flow to the
  heart

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Result of a Heart Attack

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Aneurysms

• Are a ballooning of an artery
• Atherosclerosis and hypertension can weaken blood
  vessel walls, leading to an aneurysm
• If an aneurysm bursts it could be fatal

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An Aneurysm

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Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

• Using vessels taken from the patient, the surgeon
  will provide new blood flow to the heart past the
  site of the blockage
• The vessels are attached to the aortic arch and
  coronary artery

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Bypass Surgery
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Prevention of Circulatory System Disorders

• Do not smoke! (Smokers should quit!)
• Maintain a healthy body weight
• Eat a healthy diet
• Get regular exercise

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Questions?

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Time for a Quiz!!!