The Skeletal System

1
The Skeletal System

• Overview
• And
• The Skull

2
The Skeletal System

• Includes the following
• Bones (206)
• Cartilages
• Ligaments

3
Functions

1. Support and protection
2. Storage of calcium
3. Blood cell production
4. Movement

4
Two Divisions

• Axial
• Bones associated with skull, thorax and vertebral
  column
• 80 bones

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• 2. Appendicular
• Bones associated with extremities and shoulder
  and hip joints
• 126 bones
• 80 126 206

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Bone Terminology (p. 128)
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Axial Skeleton
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Breakdown
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Breakdown (Axial)

• Skull 22
• Auditory ossicles 6
• Hyoid 1
• Thoracic cage 25
• Vertebral column 26
• Total 80

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The Skull

• 22 bones
• Cranial 8
• Those in direct contact with the brain
• Facial 14
• Those not in contact w/ the brain

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The Skull
cranial
facial
13
Sutures
Immovable joints between skull bones
14
Sutures
15
A. Cranial bones1. Frontal (anterior)
16
1. Frontal (lateral)
17
1. Frontal (superior)
18
2. Parietal
19
3. Temporal
20
Temporal (disarticulated)
21
External auditory canal
22
Mastoid process
23
Styloid process
24
Zygomatic process
25
Squamous portion
26
Mandibular fossa
27
Petrous portion
28
4. Occipital (posterior)
29
4. Occipital (inferior)
30
4. Occipital (superior)
31
5. Sphenoid

• Center bone of the skull
• Most skull bones articulate with it.
• List the bones that do and those that dont!

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5. Sphenoid (superior)
33
5. Sphenoid (lateral)
34
5. Sphenoid (inferior)
35
5. Sphenoid (superior)
36
Sphenoid (disarticulated and superior)
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Sphenoid(disarticulated and posterior)
2 large wings 2 small wings 2 feet
38
Greater wing (posterior)
39
Greater wing (superior)
40
Greater wing (lateral)
41
Lesser wing (posterior)
42
Lesser wing (superior)
43
Sella turcica (superior)
44
Sella turcica (sagittal)
45
Pituitary gland
46
Pterygoid processes (posterior)
47
Pterygoid processes (inferior)
48
6. Ethmoid (superior)
49
Olfactory Nerve
50
6. Ethmoidcribriform plate
51
6. Ethmoid (sagittal)
52
6. Ethmoid (sagittal)
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Ethmoid (frontal)
54
Flower
55
Facial bones1. Zygomatic (anterior)
56
1. Zygomatic (lateral)
57
2. Maxilla (anterior)
58
2. Maxilla (lateral)
59
2. Maxilla (inferior)
60
3. Palatine (inferior)
61
4. Nasal (anterior)
62
4. Nasal (anterior)
63
The Orbit
64
The Orbit
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The Orbit

• What bone(s) form
• The superficial rim (SIML)
• The floor
• The roof
• The interior walls (PML)

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Lacrimal (anterior)
67
6. Inferior conchae
68
7. Vomer (sagittal)
69
7. Vomer (inferior)
70
8. Mandible
71
8. Mandible

• Only bone of skull to have moveable joint
• Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
• Articulates in the mandibular fossa of the
  temporal bone

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TMJ
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8. Mandible
Mandibular foramen
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8. Mandible
75
Hyoid
Associated with movements of tongue Doesnt
articulate with any other bone
76
Fontanels (lateral)
77
Fontanels (superior)
78
Fontanels (anterio-superior)