Djoko Santoso

1
Benefit Pembangunan Teknologi Informasi dan
KomunikasiUntuk Kepentingan Publik

• Djoko Santoso
• Rektor ITB

2
Kerangka Pemikiran TIK Untuk Pembangunan

• Sasaran strategis
• Tata kelola pemerintahan
• Ekonomi
• Knowledge

• Isu strategis
• Kemandirian bangsa
• Daya saing bangsa

Tujuan Nasional
Strategi pemerintah Suprastruktur Informasi
Terciptanya suatu masyarakat yang adil, makmur,
sejahtera, aman dan bersatu dalam naungan NKRI
Realisasi tujuan nasional dalam era informasi -
Knowledge based society
Sinergi
Konsep O-O-K-T
Fungsi Governing
Early winning program sebagai wahana
mencapai tujuan nasional
3
Early Winning Program
Impact
e-layanan, e-procurment,NSW
e-Pendidikan
Nomor Identitas Nasional
Palapa Ring
Resistance
4
Nilai dari Pembangunan TIK
Biaya tinggiImpak Rendah
Biaya TinggiImpak Tingii
BiayaTinggi
KondisiSaat ini
Biaya
Zona Perbaikan TIK
Value
Biaya RendahImpak Rendah
BiayaRendah
ImpakRendah
ImpakTinggi
Bottom Line Impact
5
Apakah Arti Sebuah Nilai (Value)
Biaya rendah IT and Operating
Peningkatan Pendapatan
Peningkatan Kualitas
Peningkatan Pelayanan
Pelayanan Lebih baik
Kecepatan Waktu ke pasar
Sesuai objevtive politik
Impak sosial yg baik
Pembangunan ekonomi
6
Beberapa Penyebab Kegagalan Proyek TIK

• Perencanaan proyek yang jelek (vendor driven?)
• Ketidaktahuan kebutuhan (requirement)
• Tidak pernah selesai (never ending project)
• Kepemimpinan yang lemah
• Ketidak cukupan melakukan evaluasi/testing dengan
  baik
• Tidak ada tata kelola TIK yang mencukupi

7
From Business to Public Value of IT

• Mengukur Benefit TIK dari sekedar bisnis menuju
  kepada kepentingan Konstituen, efisiensi layanan
  dan Nilai Balik Politik

Government Role Citizen Role Principles Gover
nment Goal Representation Elector - Access
Minimize friction - Responsive -
Involvement Protector Beneficiary - Economic
security Efficient service, but - Physical
security only when necessary
Authority Subject - Transparent processes
Minimize resources - Respond to requests
Supplier Customer - Customer service Maximize
revenue
Gartner
8
Impak Organisasi pembangunan TIK
The Competetive Process
The IT Use Process
IT ConversionProcess
Organizational Performance
IT Expenditure
IT Impact
IT Asset
9
Creating a Business Casefor a Government Project
Costs Head count Transformation Policy
objectives Private partnerships

• What problem must be solved?
• Which stakeholders does this problem affect?
• What solutions are available?
• What are the benefits of each solution?
• What is the relative cost of each solution?
• Which stakeholders are affected by the solution?
• How can these stakeholders affect my political
  future?
• How will this solution be funded?
• What other problem goes unsolved?

Operational efficiency
Greater participation Closing the digital
divide Economic impact Greater transparency Greate
r accountability More-effective policy making
Political return
Constituent service
Constituent value Lower constituent cost Greater
availability Constituent centricity Fewer,
more-effective interactions Single point of
contact
Gartner
10
The Five Pillars of Benefit Realization
Economic development
Increased consensus
Speed to market
Reduced transaction cost
Constituent reach
Increased organizational agility
IT Value Achievement
Context (Ever-Changing)
Political priorities
Business demands
Economic situation
Regulations
Citizen demands
Gartner
11
Government Performance Framework
Political Return
Consensus and Participation
Policy Alignment
Social and Economic Development
PoliticalManagement
SupplyManagement
Constituent Responsiveness
Supplier/Partner Effectiveness
Internal Operational Efficiency
Constituent Value
Operational Efficiency
SupportServices
Human Resources Responsiveness
IT Responsiveness
Finance and Regulatory Responsiveness
Constituent Value Increase
Total Cost of Use Improvement
On-Time Delivery
Constituent Responsiveness
Service Performance
Customer Care Performance
Service Accuracy
KPI Effectiveness
Gartner
12
E-Government Assessment Framework
Operational Efficiency
Cost/transaction
Media hits
PR
Cost
Depth
No. of trans./empl.
E-mails
Skill demand and supply
No. of channels
Maturity
Economic dev.
Trans. time
Time
Push/pull
B2B volumes
Head count
Technology penetration
Availability
Degree of transform.
No. of org. units
Closing divide
Usefulness
TCU
B2C volumes
joined services
Public access points
Value/cost
aborted trans.
Use
Use
Visits on policy pages
Increased participation
Success
(G2EG2B)/G2G
Channel impact
voters
13
5 - Optimizing
Continuously Improving process
4 - Managed
Predictable process
3- Defined
Standard, Consistent process
2 - Repeatable
Disciplined process
1 - Initial
Tingkat Kematangan Proses Penerapan TIK
14
Penutup

• Banyak Initiative proyek TIK yang belum diukur
  dengan baik, termasuk proyek-proyek Flagship TIK.
• Ukuran proyek pemerintah harus digeser dari
  sekedar bermakna bisnis, menjadi harus ada nilai
  publiknya pula.
• Ukuran dan target pada dasarnya dilihat dari
  kenaikan tingkat layanan, penurunan biaya dan
  political return.
• Perlu dibuat model dalam basis waktu bahwa
  pembangunan TIK mendukung tujuan dan strategi
  nasional.
• Perlu peran pemimpin yang lebih efektif.