Communists Triumph in China

1
Communists Triumph in China

• Chapter 17 / Section 2

2
Civil War in China

• When Japan invaded China in 1937 they were in the
  middle of a bitter Civil War. TWO GROUPS?
• Mao Zedong, leader of the Communists had a
  stronghold in Northwest China, fought with
  peasants.

3
Civil War in China
4
Civil War in China (contd)

• Jiang Jieshi, formerly known as Chiang Kai-shek,
  led the Nationalists. Dominated Southwest.
• Aided by the United States the Nationalists
  received 1.5 billion in aid to fight the
  Japanese (1942-45).
• But not much went to troops went to corrupt
  leaders and fight with Communists.

5
Chinese Civil War 1946-1950
6
Civil War in China (contd)

• Once Japan surrendered the civil war renewed.
• Nationalists outnumbered the Communists 31 also
  received more aid from the United States.
• However, by October, 1949 Mao and the Communists
  controlled the country. Nationalists retreat to
  Taiwan.
• Now known as Peoples Republic of China. TWO
  NATIONS?

7
Two Chinas and the Cold War

• With the United States aiding the Nationalists
  the Soviets started to aid the Communist.
• Superpowers Collide over Japan and Korea.
• In 1950-51 China took control of Tibet, breaking
  a so-called autonomous area. The Dalai Lama fled
  to India.

8
Transformation and Revolution

• Once the Chinese Communist took control,
  tightened control of country.
• However, Communists only made up 1 of the
  country.
• Set up government like Soviets, Communist Party
  and National government.

9
Transformation and Revolution (contd)

• Maos Socialism
• 1) Mao forced peasants to join collective farms.
• 2) Women became equal at home and work place.
• 3) Mao installs Five-Year Plan in 1953. SUCCESFUL?

10
Transformation and Revolution (contd)

• Five-Year Plan was so successful, led to
  communes, large collective farms. Planned poor,
  not liked.
• Program dies in 1961, no success.
• In 1966, Mao starts the Red Guards, militia units
  that learn revolution by making revolution.

11
Red Guard
12
Transformation and Revolution (contd)

• Rise of the Red Guard became known as the
  Cultural Revolution.
• Goal establish society of peasants and workers
  who are equal.