ADVERB CLAUSES

1
ADVERB CLAUSES
2
Time

• When Doris will leave for the airport when the
  bus arrives.
• Until Tom waits in the airport until his flight
  is announced.
• While Doris reads the paper while she is waiting
  for the bus.
• Before She took the training course before she
  got on the plane.
• After The plane landed after the passengers had
  fastened their seat belts.
• As Bob was looking out of the tower as the fire
  broke out.
• As soon as Mary greeted the passengers as soon
  as they came aboard.
• Since Tom has done good deeds since he took his
  oath.
• Whenever Dick gives his seat to a lady whenever
  he rides on a bus.
• Once Tim can explain to others once he
  understands anything himself.
• By the time The sun had set by the time the boys
  had put up their tents.

3
Place

• Where Please put those books back where they
  belong to.
• Wherever You can park your car wherever you find
  a space

4
. Manner

• As You must do everything as I told you.
• As if It looks as if it were going to rain.
• As though He gets angry with me as though I made
  a mistake.

5
Reason

• Because I moved to the front row because I
  couldnt hear the speaker.
• Since Since he wants to buy a new hat, he
  borrows some money.
• As As he had to study, Bob left for home early.
• Seeing that Seeing that your friend is coming,
  you dont need to call him.

6
Purpose

• So thatYou should study harder so that you can
  pass the coming exam.
• In order thatMost of people study English now in
  order that they can get better job.
• In caseYou should take more warm clothes in case
  the weather may change.
• LestI should have the passport with me lest the
  custom officers may ask for it.

7
Contrast

• AlthoughAlthough I try several times, I still
  can't figure out the problem.
• ThoughThe students still go to school though the
  weather is rainy.

8
Result

• So ..... that He speaks so fast that we cant
  understand anything.
• Such ..... that He is such a busy man that he
  hasnt been able to arrange any date so far.

9
Comparison

• As ..... as This lesson is as confusing as all
  the other ones (are).
• Er ..... than You look much happier today than
  you were yesterday.
• More .... than She is more charming than my
  friend (is).

10
Condition

• IfIf I were you, I would not go to the party.
• UnlessUnless you go to class often, you can't
  pass all your tests.

11
SUMMARY CHART OF MODALS SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS
MODALS USES EXAMPLES
may polite request formal permission possibility - less than 50 certainty May I borrow your pen? You may leave the room. Wheres John? He may be at the library.
might possibility - less than 50 certainty Wheres John? He might be at the library.
should advisability expectation (future, not present) I should study harder. She should be here in ten minutes
ought to advisability expectation (future, not present) I ought to study harder. She ought to be here in ten minutes
12
SUMMARY CHART OF MODALS SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS
had better advisability (with threat of bad result) you had better be on time, or we'll leave without you.
must necessity prohibition (negative) possibility (logical conclusion) I must stop smoking. You must not see such a film. Nancy isnt in class. She must be sick.
have to necessity lack of necessity (negative) I have to study this lesson. I dont have to go to class today.
will polite request future prediction Will you please pass me the sugar? The weather will be hotter in the next 10 years.
be going to definite plan / intention Im going to take the midterm examination in July.
13
SUMMARY CHART OF MODALS SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS
can ability / inability (present) possibility informal request informal permission impossibility (negative only) I can speak 2 languages. / I can't swim. He can come this evening. Can I borrow your pen? You can use my car tomorrow. That cant be true !
could past ability / inability polite request suggestion possibility impossibility I could run fast when I was young. I couldn't smoke. Could you help me? Wheres John? He could be at home now. That couldnt be true !
14
SUMMARY CHART OF MODALS SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS
be able to Ability I am able to help you. I will be able to help you.
would polite request preference past habit Would you please close the window for me? I would rather stay at home than go out. When I was a child, I would visit my grandparents every weekend.
used to past habit I used to smoke a lot when I was a teenager.
shall polite suggestion future (with I or We) Shall I open the door? We shall finish the lesson in a minute